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Expand volumes

Contributors juliantap
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Astra Trident provides Kubernetes users the ability to expand their volumes after they are created. Find information about the configurations required to expand iSCSI and NFS volumes.

Expand an iSCSI volume

You can expand an iSCSI Persistent Volume (PV) by using the CSI provisioner.

Note iSCSI volume expansion is supported by the ontap-san, ontap-san-economy, solidfire-san drivers and requires Kubernetes 1.16 and later.
Overview

Expanding an iSCSI PV includes the following steps:

  • Editing the StorageClass definition to set the allowVolumeExpansion field to true.

  • Editing the PVC definition and updating the spec.resources.requests.storage to reflect the newly desired size, which must be greater than the original size.

  • Attaching the PV must be attached to a pod for it to be resized. There are two scenarios when resizing an iSCSI PV:

    • If the PV is attached to a pod, Astra Trident expands the volume on the storage backend, rescans the device, and resizes the filesystem.

    • When attempting to resize an unattached PV, Astra Trident expands the volume on the storage backend. After the PVC is bound to a pod, Trident rescans the device and resizes the filesystem. Kubernetes then updates the PVC size after the expand operation has successfully completed.

The example below shows how expanding iSCSI PVs work.

Step 1: Configure the StorageClass to support volume expansion

$ cat storageclass-ontapsan.yaml
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: ontap-san
provisioner: csi.trident.netapp.io
parameters:
  backendType: "ontap-san"
allowVolumeExpansion: True

For an already existing StorageClass, edit it to include the allowVolumeExpansion parameter.

Step 2: Create a PVC with the StorageClass you created

$ cat pvc-ontapsan.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: san-pvc
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Gi
  storageClassName: ontap-san

Astra Trident creates a Persistent Volume (PV) and associates it with this Persistent Volume Claim (PVC).

$ kubectl get pvc
NAME      STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
san-pvc   Bound    pvc-8a814d62-bd58-4253-b0d1-82f2885db671   1Gi        RWO            ontap-san      8s

$ kubectl get pv
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM             STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
pvc-8a814d62-bd58-4253-b0d1-82f2885db671   1Gi        RWO            Delete           Bound    default/san-pvc   ontap-san               10s

Step 3: Define a pod that attaches the PVC

In this example, a pod is created that uses the san-pvc.

$  kubectl get pod
NAME         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
centos-pod   1/1     Running   0          65s

$  kubectl describe pvc san-pvc
Name:          san-pvc
Namespace:     default
StorageClass:  ontap-san
Status:        Bound
Volume:        pvc-8a814d62-bd58-4253-b0d1-82f2885db671
Labels:        <none>
Annotations:   pv.kubernetes.io/bind-completed: yes
               pv.kubernetes.io/bound-by-controller: yes
               volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: csi.trident.netapp.io
Finalizers:    [kubernetes.io/pvc-protection]
Capacity:      1Gi
Access Modes:  RWO
VolumeMode:    Filesystem
Mounted By:    centos-pod

Step 4: Expand the PV

To resize the PV that has been created from 1Gi to 2Gi, edit the PVC definition and update the spec.resources.requests.storage to 2Gi.

$ kubectl edit pvc san-pvc
# Please edit the object below. Lines beginning with a '#' will be ignored,
# and an empty file will abort the edit. If an error occurs while saving this file will be
# reopened with the relevant failures.
#
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  annotations:
    pv.kubernetes.io/bind-completed: "yes"
    pv.kubernetes.io/bound-by-controller: "yes"
    volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: csi.trident.netapp.io
  creationTimestamp: "2019-10-10T17:32:29Z"
  finalizers:
  - kubernetes.io/pvc-protection
  name: san-pvc
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "16609"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/persistentvolumeclaims/san-pvc
  uid: 8a814d62-bd58-4253-b0d1-82f2885db671
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 2Gi
 ...

Step 5: Validate the expansion

You can validate the expansion worked correctly by checking the size of the PVC, PV, and the Astra Trident volume:

$ kubectl get pvc san-pvc
NAME      STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
san-pvc   Bound    pvc-8a814d62-bd58-4253-b0d1-82f2885db671   2Gi        RWO            ontap-san      11m
$ kubectl get pv
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM             STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
pvc-8a814d62-bd58-4253-b0d1-82f2885db671   2Gi        RWO            Delete           Bound    default/san-pvc   ontap-san               12m
$ tridentctl get volumes -n trident
+------------------------------------------+---------+---------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+---------+
|                   NAME                   |  SIZE   | STORAGE CLASS | PROTOCOL |             BACKEND UUID             | STATE  | MANAGED |
+------------------------------------------+---------+---------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+---------+
| pvc-8a814d62-bd58-4253-b0d1-82f2885db671 | 2.0 GiB | ontap-san     | block    | a9b7bfff-0505-4e31-b6c5-59f492e02d33 | online | true    |
+------------------------------------------+---------+---------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+---------+

Expand an NFS volume

Astra Trident supports volume expansion for NFS PVs provisioned on ontap-nas, ontap-nas-economy, ontap-nas-flexgroup, aws-cvs, gcp-cvs, and azure-netapp-files backends.

Step 1: Configure the StorageClass to support volume expansion

To resize an NFS PV, the admin first needs to configure the storage class to allow volume expansion by setting the allowVolumeExpansion field to true:

$ cat storageclass-ontapnas.yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: ontapnas
provisioner: csi.trident.netapp.io
parameters:
  backendType: ontap-nas
allowVolumeExpansion: true

If you have already created a storage class without this option, you can simply edit the existing storage class by using kubectl edit storageclass to allow volume expansion.

Step 2: Create a PVC with the StorageClass you created

$ cat pvc-ontapnas.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: ontapnas20mb
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 20Mi
  storageClassName: ontapnas

Astra Trident should create a 20MiB NFS PV for this PVC:

$ kubectl get pvc
NAME           STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY     ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS    AGE
ontapnas20mb   Bound    pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7   20Mi         RWO            ontapnas        9s

$ kubectl get pv pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM                  STORAGECLASS    REASON   AGE
pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7   20Mi       RWO            Delete           Bound    default/ontapnas20mb   ontapnas                 2m42s

Step 3: Expand the PV

To resize the newly created 20MiB PV to 1GiB, edit the PVC and set spec.resources.requests.storage to 1GB:

$ kubectl edit pvc ontapnas20mb
# Please edit the object below. Lines beginning with a '#' will be ignored,
# and an empty file will abort the edit. If an error occurs while saving this file will be
# reopened with the relevant failures.
#
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  annotations:
    pv.kubernetes.io/bind-completed: "yes"
    pv.kubernetes.io/bound-by-controller: "yes"
    volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner: csi.trident.netapp.io
  creationTimestamp: 2018-08-21T18:26:44Z
  finalizers:
  - kubernetes.io/pvc-protection
  name: ontapnas20mb
  namespace: default
  resourceVersion: "1958015"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/default/persistentvolumeclaims/ontapnas20mb
  uid: c1bd7fa5-a56f-11e8-b8d7-fa163e59eaab
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 1Gi
...

Step 4: Validate the expansion

You can validate the resize worked correctly by checking the size of the PVC, PV, and the Astra Trident volume:

$ kubectl get pvc ontapnas20mb
NAME           STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS    AGE
ontapnas20mb   Bound    pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7   1Gi        RWO            ontapnas        4m44s

$ kubectl get pv pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM                  STORAGECLASS    REASON   AGE
pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7   1Gi        RWO            Delete           Bound    default/ontapnas20mb   ontapnas                 5m35s

$ tridentctl get volume pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7 -n trident
+------------------------------------------+---------+---------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+---------+
|                   NAME                   |  SIZE   | STORAGE CLASS | PROTOCOL |             BACKEND UUID             | STATE  | MANAGED |
+------------------------------------------+---------+---------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+---------+
| pvc-08f3d561-b199-11e9-8d9f-5254004dfdb7 | 1.0 GiB | ontapnas      | file     | c5a6f6a4-b052-423b-80d4-8fb491a14a22 | online | true    |
+------------------------------------------+---------+---------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------+---------+