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使用 Oracle Recovery Manager （ RMAN ）执行块级恢复
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您可以将 SnapManager 配置为在 Oracle 工具 Recovery Manager （ RMAN ）中对其备份进行目录，以便使用 RMAN 执行块级恢复。RMAN 可以使用数据库的控制文件或单独的恢复目录数据库作为其存储库。
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要使用 SnapManager 执行完全脱机备份，请输入以下命令：
SMO backup create -offline-full-profileprofile_name-labelbackup_label_name-verbose
其中：
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profile_name 是与备份关联的配置文件的名称
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backup_label-name 是备份标签的名称
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smo backup create -offline -full -profile profile_monthly
-label full_backup -verbose
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SMO-07109 [INFO ]: Cataloguing all files in backup set with RMAN
TAG=SMC_full_backup_1158773581857, RMAN=ES0/controlfile.
...
SMO-13037 [INFO ]: Successfully completed operation: Backup
SMO-13048 [INFO ]: Operation Status: SUCCESS
SMO-13049 [INFO ]: Elapsed Time: 0:02:20.506
Operation Id [ff8080810dcc47e3010dcc47eb7a0001] succeeded.
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要验证备份是否已使用 RMAN 进行编目，请在数据库主机的 RMAN 提示符处输入以下命令：
列出数据复制标记 tag tag tag ： name ；
RMAN> list datafilecopy tag SMO_full_backup_1158773581857; Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Sep 20 10:33:41 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2008, Oracle. All rights reserved. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog List of Datafile Copies Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name ------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- --- 335 1 A 20-SEP-08 1347825 20-SEP-08 /opt/<path>/smo/mnt/Host4_ES0_SMO_E_ES0_F_C_0_ff8080810dcc47e3010dcc47eb7a0001 /system01.dbf 336 2 A 20-SEP-08 1347825 20-SEP-08 /opt/<path>/smo/mnt/Host4_ES0_SMO_E_ES0_F_C_0_ff8080810dcc47e3010dcc47eb7a0001 /undotbs01.dbf 334 3 A 20-SEP-08 1347825 20-SEP-08 /opt/<path>/smo/mnt/Host4_ES0_SMO_E_ES0_F_C_0_ff8080810dcc47e3010dcc47eb7a0001 /sysaux01.dbf 333 4 A 20-SEP-08 1347825 20-SEP-08 /opt/<path>/smo/mnt/Host4_ES0_SMO_E_ES0_F_C_0_ff8080810dcc47e3010dcc47eb7a0001 /user01.dbf 337 5 A 20-SEP-08 1347825 20-SEP-08 RMAN>
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要验证数据库并确定是否有任何块损坏，请输入以下命令：
dbv file=user01.dbf
以下输出显示两个页面已损坏：
DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Sep 20 13:35:44 2006 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = user01.dbf Page 625 is marked corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01400271 (file 5, block 625) Bad header found during dbv: Data in bad block: type: 240 format: 6 rdba: 0xed323b81 last change scn: 0x6f07.faa74628 seq: 0x87 flg: 0x02 spare1: 0x60 spare2: 0x5 spare3: 0xef7d consistency value in tail: 0xa210fe71 check value in block header: 0x13c7 block checksum disabled... Page 627 is marked corrupt Corrupt block relative dba: 0x01400273 (file 5, block 627) Bad header found during dbv: Data in bad block: type: 158 format: 7 rdba: 0x2101e16d last change scn: 0xe828.42414628 seq: 0xb4 flg: 0xff spare1: 0xcc spare2: 0x81 spare3: 0x8665 consistency value in tail: 0x46d20601 check value in block header: 0x1a84 computed block checksum: 0x6c30 DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 1280 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1123 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 34 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 120 Total Pages Marked Corrupt: 2 Total Pages Influx : 0 Highest block SCN : 1337349 (0.1337349)
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要使备份中的文件可在主机上访问并可供 RMAN 访问，请使用以下命令挂载备份：
SMO backup mount -profileprofile_name-labelLabel-verbose
smo backup mount -profile SALES1 -label full_backup -verbose SMO-13046 [INFO ]: Operation GUID 8abc013111b9088e0111b908a7560001 starting on Profile SALES1 SMO-08052 [INFO ]: Beginning to connect mount(s) [/mnt/ssys1/logs, /mnt/ssys1/data] from logical snapshot SMO_SALES1_hsdb1_F_C_1_8abc013111a450480111a45066210001. SMO-08025 [INFO ]: Beginning to connect mount /mnt/ssys1/logs from snapshot SMO_SALES1_hsdb1_F_C_1_8abc013111a450480111a45066210001_0 of volume hs_logs. SMO-08027 [INFO ]: Finished connecting mount /mnt/ssys1/logs from snapshot SMO_SALES1_hsdb1_F_C_1_8abc013111a450480111a45066210001_0 of volume hs_logs. SMO-08025 [INFO ]: Beginning to connect mount /mnt/ssys1/data from snapshot SMO_SALES1_hsdb1_F_C_1_8abc013111a450480111a45066210001_0 of volume hs_data. SMO-08027 [INFO ]: Finished connecting mount /mnt/ssys1/data from snapshot SMO_SALES1_hsdb1_F_C_1_8abc013111a450480111a45066210001_0 of volume hs_data. SMO-08053 [INFO ]: Finished connecting mount(s) [/mnt/ssys1/logs, /mnt/ssys1/data] from logical snapshot SMO_SALES1_hsdb1_F_C_1_8abc013111a450480111a45066210001. SMO-13037 [INFO ]: Successfully completed operation: Backup Mount SMO-13048 [INFO ]: Operation Status: SUCCESS SMO-13049 [INFO ]: Elapsed Time: 0:01:00.981 Operation Id [8abc013111b9088e0111b908a7560001] succeeded.
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要恢复块，请在 RMAN 中输入以下命令：
阻止从标记 backup_RMAN_tag 中恢复数据文件 "` /mountpoint/path/file.dbf` " block block_id
RMAN> blockrecover datafile ‘/mnt/ssys1/Host4_ES0/file01.dbf’ block 625, 626, 627 from tag SMO_full_backup_1158773581857; Starting blockrecover at 20-SEP-08 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=153 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s) from datafile copy /opt/NetApp/smo/mnt/_mnt_ssys1_Host4_ES0_SMO_E_ES0_F_C_0_ff8080810dcc47e3010dcc47eb7a0001/user01.dbf starting media recovery media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished blockrecover at 20-SEP-08
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要验证块是否已修复，请使用以下命令：
dbv file=filename.dbf
以下输出显示没有页面损坏：
dbv FILE=user01.dbf DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Sep 20 13:40:01 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2008, Oracle. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = user01.dbf DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 1280 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1126 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 0 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 34 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 120 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Pages Influx : 0 Highest block SCN : 1337349 (0.1337349)
已修复并还原所有损坏的块。