以 ONIE 模式安裝 Cumulus Linux
當交換器運作在 ONIE 模式下時,請依照下列步驟安裝 Cumulus Linux (CL) 作業系統。
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Cumulus Linux (CL) 作業系統可以在交換器執行 ONIE 或 Cumulus Linux 時安裝(請參閱)。"以 Cumulus 模式安裝" )。 |
您可以使用開放網路安裝環境 (ONIE) 安裝 Cumulus Linux,該環境允許自動發現網路安裝程式映像。這有助於實現透過作業系統選擇(例如 Cumulus Linux)來保護交換器的系統模型。使用 ONIE 安裝 Cumulus Linux 最簡單的方法是透過本機 HTTP 發現。
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如果您的主機支援 IPv6,請確保它正在執行 Web 伺服器。如果您的主機支援 IPv4,請確保除了 Web 伺服器之外,它還執行 DHCP 服務。 |
本過程示範了管理員在 ONIE 啟動後如何升級 Cumulus Linux。
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將 Cumulus Linux 安裝檔下載到 Web 伺服器的根目錄。將此文件重新命名為:
onie-installer。 -
使用乙太網路線將主機連接到交換器的管理乙太網路連接埠。
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打開開關電源。
交換器下載 ONIE 鏡像安裝程式並啟動。安裝完成後,終端機視窗中會出現 Cumulus Linux 登入提示字元。
每次安裝 Cumulus Linux 時,整個檔案系統結構都會被擦除並重建。 -
重啟SN2100交換器:
cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo reboot
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在 GNU GRUB 畫面上按 Esc 鍵中斷正常的啟動過程,選擇 ONIE,然後按 Enter 鍵。
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在下一個畫面上,選擇 ONIE:安裝作業系統。
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ONIE 安裝程式發現程序會執行以搜尋自動安裝程式。按 Enter 鍵暫時停止該行程。
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當發現過程停止時:
ONIE:/ # onie-stop discover: installer mode detected. Stopping: discover...start-stop-daemon: warning: killing process 427: No such process done.
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如果您的網路正在執行 DHCP 服務,請驗證 IP 位址、子網路遮罩和預設閘道是否已正確指派:
ifconfig eth0ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:CE:F6:19:1D:F6 inet addr:10.233.204.71 Bcast:10.233.205.255 Mask:255.255.254.0 inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe19:1df6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21344 errors:0 dropped:2135 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3500 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6119398 (5.8 MiB) TX bytes:472975 (461.8 KiB) Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff ONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 10.233.204.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.233.204.0 * 255.255.254.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 -
如果 IP 位址方案是手動定義的,請執行下列操作:
ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 10.233.204.71 netmask 255.255.254.0 ONIE:/ # route add default gw 10.233.204.1
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重複步驟 9 以驗證靜態資訊是否已正確輸入。
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安裝 Cumulus Linux:
# onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin
ONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table ONIE:/ # onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin Stopping: discover... done. Info: Attempting http://10.60.132.97/x/eng/testbedN,svl/nic/files/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin ... Connecting to 10.60.132.97 (10.60.132.97:80) installer 100% |*| 552M 0:00:00 ETA ... ...
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安裝完成後,登入交換器。
cumulus login: cumulus Password: cumulus You are required to change your password immediately (administrator enforced) Changing password for cumulus. Current password: cumulus New password: <new_password> Retype new password: <new_password>
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請驗證 Cumulus Linux 版本:
net show versioncumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ net show version NCLU_VERSION=1.0-cl4.4.3u4 DISTRIB_ID="Cumulus Linux" DISTRIB_RELEASE=4.4.3 DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Cumulus Linux 4.4.3”
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將 Cumulus Linux 安裝檔下載到 Web 伺服器的根目錄。將此文件重新命名為:
onie-installer。 -
使用乙太網路線將主機連接到交換器的管理乙太網路連接埠。
-
打開開關電源。
交換器下載 ONIE 鏡像安裝程式並啟動。安裝完成後,終端機視窗中會出現 Cumulus Linux 登入提示字元。
每次安裝 Cumulus Linux 時,整個檔案系統結構都會被擦除並重建。 -
重啟SN2100交換器:
cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo reboot . . GNU GRUB version 2.06-3 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Cumulus-Linux GNU/Linux | | Advanced options for Cumulus-Linux GNU/Linux | | ONIE | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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在 GNU GRUB 畫面上按 Esc 鍵中斷正常的啟動過程,選擇 ONIE,然後按 Enter 鍵。
. . Loading ONIE ... GNU GRUB version 2.02 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ONIE: Install OS | | ONIE: Rescue | | ONIE: Uninstall OS | | ONIE: Update ONIE | | ONIE: Embed ONIE | | | | | | | | | | | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
選擇 ONIE:安裝作業系統。
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ONIE 安裝程式發現程序會執行以搜尋自動安裝程式。按 Enter 鍵暫時停止該行程。
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當發現過程停止時:
ONIE:/ # onie-stop discover: installer mode detected. Stopping: discover...start-stop-daemon: warning: killing process 427: No such process done.
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配置IP位址、子網路遮罩和預設網關:
ifconfig eth0ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:CE:F6:19:1D:F6 inet addr:10.233.204.71 Bcast:10.233.205.255 Mask:255.255.254.0 inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe19:1df6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21344 errors:0 dropped:2135 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3500 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6119398 (5.8 MiB) TX bytes:472975 (461.8 KiB) Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff ONIE:/ # ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 10.228.140.27 netmask 255.255.248.0 ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:CE:F6:5E:05:E6 inet addr:10.228.140.27 Bcast:10.228.143.255 Mask:255.255.248.0 inet6 addr: fd20:8b1e:b255:822b:bace:f6ff:fe5e:5e6/64 Scope:Global inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe5e:5e6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:18813 errors:0 dropped:1418 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:491 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1339596 (1.2 MiB) TX bytes:49379 (48.2 KiB) Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff ONIE:/ # route add default gw 10.228.136.1 ONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 10.228.136.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.228.136.1 * 255.255.248.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 -
安裝 Cumulus Linux 5.4:
# onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.binONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table ONIE:/ # onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.bin Stopping: discover... done. Info: Attempting http://10.60.132.97/x/eng/testbedN,svl/nic/files/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.bin ... Connecting to 10.60.132.97 (10.60.132.97:80) installer 100% |*| 552M 0:00:00 ETA ... ...
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安裝完成後,登入交換器。
cumulus login: cumulus Password: cumulus You are required to change your password immediately (administrator enforced) Changing password for cumulus. Current password: cumulus New password: <new_password> Retype new password: <new_password>
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請驗證 Cumulus Linux 版本:
nv show systemcumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ nv show system operational applied description ------------------- -------------------- --------------------- hostname cumulus cumulus build Cumulus Linux 5.4.0 system build version uptime 6 days, 13:37:36 system uptime timezone Etc/UTC system time zone
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建立一個新用戶並將該用戶加入到 `sudo`團體。該使用者僅在控制台/SSH會話重新啟動後生效。
sudo adduser --ingroup netedit admincumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser --ingroup netedit admin [sudo] password for cumulus: Adding user 'admin' ... Adding new user 'admin' (1001) with group `netedit' ... Creating home directory '/home/admin' ... Copying files from '/etc/skel' ... New password: Retype new password: passwd: password updated successfully Changing the user information for admin Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default Full Name []: Room Number []: Work Phone []: Home Phone []: Other []: Is the information correct? [Y/n] y cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser admin sudo [sudo] password for cumulus: Adding user `admin' to group `sudo' ... Adding user admin to group sudo Done. cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ exit logout Connection to 10.233.204.71 closed. [admin@cycrh6svl01 ~]$ ssh admin@10.233.204.71 admin@10.233.204.71's password: Linux sw1 4.19.0-cl-1-amd64 #1 SMP Cumulus 4.19.206-1+cl4.4.1u1 (2021-09-09) x86_64 Welcome to NVIDIA Cumulus (R) Linux (R) For support and online technical documentation, visit http://www.cumulusnetworks.com/support The registered trademark Linux (R) is used pursuant to a sublicense from LMI, the exclusive licensee of Linus Torvalds, owner of the mark on a world-wide basis. admin@sw1:mgmt:~$
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新增其他使用者群組以供管理員使用者訪問 `nv`命令:
cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser admin nvshow [sudo] password for cumulus: Adding user `admin' to group `nvshow' ... Adding user admin to group nvshow Done.看 "NVIDIA使用者帳戶"了解更多。
在 ONIE 模式下安裝 Cumulus Linux 後,您可以…"安裝參考設定檔 (RCF) 腳本" 。