在ONIE模式下安装Cumulus Linux
当交换机以ONIE模式运行时、请按照此操作步骤 安装Cumulus Linux (CL)操作系统。
在交换机运行ONIE或Cumulus Linux时、可以安装Cumulus Linux (CL)操作系统(请参见 "在Cumulus模式下安装")。 |
您可以使用开放网络安装环境(Open Network Install Environment、ONIE)安装Cumulus Linux、以便自动发现网络安装程序映像。这有助于采用可选择的操作系统来保护交换机的系统模式、例如、Cumulus Linux。使用ONIE安装Cumulus Linux的最简单方法是使用本地HTTP发现。
如果主机已启用IPv6、请确保其运行的是Web服务器。如果主机启用了IPv4、请确保它除了运行Web服务器之外还运行DHCP。 |
此操作步骤 演示了管理员在ONIE中启动后如何升级Cumulus Linux。
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将Cumulus Linux安装文件下载到Web服务器的根目录。将此文件重命名为:
onie-installer
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使用以太网缆线将主机连接到交换机的管理以太网端口。
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打开交换机电源。
交换机将下载ONIE映像安装程序并启动。安装完成后、终端窗口将显示Cumulus Linux登录提示。
每次安装Cumulus Linux时、都会擦除并重建整个文件系统结构。 -
重新启动SN2100交换机:
cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo reboot
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在GNU Grub屏幕上按* Esc 键以中断正常启动过程、选择 ONIE*、然后按* Enter键。
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在下一个屏幕上、选择*。onIE:install OS*。
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ONIE安装程序发现过程将运行搜索自动安装。按*输入*以临时停止此过程。
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发现过程停止后:
ONIE:/ # onie-stop discover: installer mode detected. Stopping: discover...start-stop-daemon: warning: killing process 427: No such process done.
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如果DHCP服务正在网络上运行、请验证是否已正确分配IP地址、子网掩码和默认网关:
ifconfig eth0
ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:CE:F6:19:1D:F6 inet addr:10.233.204.71 Bcast:10.233.205.255 Mask:255.255.254.0 inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe19:1df6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21344 errors:0 dropped:2135 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3500 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6119398 (5.8 MiB) TX bytes:472975 (461.8 KiB) Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff ONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 10.233.204.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.233.204.0 * 255.255.254.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
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如果手动定义了IP地址方案、请执行以下操作:
ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 10.233.204.71 netmask 255.255.254.0 ONIE:/ # route add default gw 10.233.204.1
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重复步骤9以验证是否正确输入了静态信息。
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安装Cumulus Linux:
# onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin
ONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table ONIE:/ # onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin Stopping: discover... done. Info: Attempting http://10.60.132.97/x/eng/testbedN,svl/nic/files/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin ... Connecting to 10.60.132.97 (10.60.132.97:80) installer 100% |*| 552M 0:00:00 ETA ... ...
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安装完成后、登录到交换机。
cumulus login: cumulus Password: cumulus You are required to change your password immediately (administrator enforced) Changing password for cumulus. Current password: cumulus New password: <new_password> Retype new password: <new_password>
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验证Cumulus Linux版本:
net show version
cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ net show version NCLU_VERSION=1.0-cl4.4.3u4 DISTRIB_ID="Cumulus Linux" DISTRIB_RELEASE=4.4.3 DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Cumulus Linux 4.4.3”
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将Cumulus Linux安装文件下载到Web服务器的根目录。将此文件重命名为:
onie-installer
。 -
使用以太网缆线将主机连接到交换机的管理以太网端口。
-
打开交换机电源。
交换机将下载ONIE映像安装程序并启动。安装完成后、终端窗口将显示Cumulus Linux登录提示。
每次安装Cumulus Linux时、都会擦除并重建整个文件系统结构。 -
重新启动SN2100交换机:
cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo reboot . . GNU GRUB version 2.06-3 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Cumulus-Linux GNU/Linux | | Advanced options for Cumulus-Linux GNU/Linux | | ONIE | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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在GNU GRUB屏幕上按Esc键中断正常的引导过程,选择ONIE,然后按Enter键。
. . Loading ONIE ... GNU GRUB version 2.02 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | ONIE: Install OS | | ONIE: Rescue | | ONIE: Uninstall OS | | ONIE: Update ONIE | | ONIE: Embed ONIE | | | | | | | | | | | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
选择ONIE:安装操作系统。
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ONIE安装程序发现过程将运行搜索自动安装。按*输入*以临时停止此过程。
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发现过程停止后:
ONIE:/ # onie-stop discover: installer mode detected. Stopping: discover...start-stop-daemon: warning: killing process 427: No such process done.
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配置IP地址、子网掩码和默认网关:
ifconfig eth0
ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:CE:F6:19:1D:F6 inet addr:10.233.204.71 Bcast:10.233.205.255 Mask:255.255.254.0 inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe19:1df6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21344 errors:0 dropped:2135 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3500 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6119398 (5.8 MiB) TX bytes:472975 (461.8 KiB) Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff ONIE:/ # ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 10.228.140.27 netmask 255.255.248.0 ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:CE:F6:5E:05:E6 inet addr:10.228.140.27 Bcast:10.228.143.255 Mask:255.255.248.0 inet6 addr: fd20:8b1e:b255:822b:bace:f6ff:fe5e:5e6/64 Scope:Global inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe5e:5e6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:18813 errors:0 dropped:1418 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:491 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1339596 (1.2 MiB) TX bytes:49379 (48.2 KiB) Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff ONIE:/ # route add default gw 10.228.136.1 ONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 10.228.136.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.228.136.1 * 255.255.248.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
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安装Cumulus Linux 5.4:
# onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.bin
ONIE:/ # route Kernel IP routing table ONIE:/ # onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.bin Stopping: discover... done. Info: Attempting http://10.60.132.97/x/eng/testbedN,svl/nic/files/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.bin ... Connecting to 10.60.132.97 (10.60.132.97:80) installer 100% |*| 552M 0:00:00 ETA ... ...
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安装完成后、登录到交换机。
cumulus login: cumulus Password: cumulus You are required to change your password immediately (administrator enforced) Changing password for cumulus. Current password: cumulus New password: <new_password> Retype new password: <new_password>
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验证Cumulus Linux版本:
nv show system
cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ nv show system operational applied description ------------------- -------------------- --------------------- hostname cumulus cumulus build Cumulus Linux 5.4.0 system build version uptime 6 days, 13:37:36 system uptime timezone Etc/UTC system time zone
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创建新用户并将此用户添加到
sudo
组。只有在重新启动控制台/SSH会话后、此用户才会生效。sudo adduser --ingroup netedit admin
cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser --ingroup netedit admin [sudo] password for cumulus: Adding user 'admin' ... Adding new user 'admin' (1001) with group `netedit' ... Creating home directory '/home/admin' ... Copying files from '/etc/skel' ... New password: Retype new password: passwd: password updated successfully Changing the user information for admin Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default Full Name []: Room Number []: Work Phone []: Home Phone []: Other []: Is the information correct? [Y/n] y cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser admin sudo [sudo] password for cumulus: Adding user `admin' to group `sudo' ... Adding user admin to group sudo Done. cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ exit logout Connection to 10.233.204.71 closed. [admin@cycrh6svl01 ~]$ ssh admin@10.233.204.71 admin@10.233.204.71's password: Linux sw1 4.19.0-cl-1-amd64 #1 SMP Cumulus 4.19.206-1+cl4.4.1u1 (2021-09-09) x86_64 Welcome to NVIDIA Cumulus (R) Linux (R) For support and online technical documentation, visit http://www.cumulusnetworks.com/support The registered trademark Linux (R) is used pursuant to a sublicense from LMI, the exclusive licensee of Linus Torvalds, owner of the mark on a world-wide basis. admin@sw1:mgmt:~$
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添加供管理员用户访问的其他用户组
nv
命令:cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser admin nvshow [sudo] password for cumulus: Adding user `admin' to group `nvshow' ... Adding user admin to group nvshow Done.
请参见 "NVIDIA用户帐户" 有关详细信息 …