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在ONIE模式下安装Cumulus Linux

贡献者

当交换机以ONIE模式运行时、请按照此操作步骤 安装Cumulus Linux (CL)操作系统。

备注 在交换机运行ONIE或Cumulus Linux时、可以安装Cumulus Linux (CL)操作系统(请参见 "在Cumulus模式下安装")。
关于此任务

您可以使用开放网络安装环境(Open Network Install Environment、ONIE)安装Cumulus Linux、以便自动发现网络安装程序映像。这有助于采用可选择的操作系统来保护交换机的系统模式、例如、Cumulus Linux。使用ONIE安装Cumulus Linux的最简单方法是使用本地HTTP发现。

备注 如果主机已启用IPv6、请确保其运行的是Web服务器。如果主机启用了IPv4、请确保它除了运行Web服务器之外还运行DHCP。

此操作步骤 演示了管理员在ONIE中启动后如何升级Cumulus Linux。

示例 1. 步骤
Cumulus Linux 4.4.3
  1. 将Cumulus Linux安装文件下载到Web服务器的根目录。将此文件重命名为: onie-installer

  2. 使用以太网缆线将主机连接到交换机的管理以太网端口。

  3. 打开交换机电源。

    交换机将下载ONIE映像安装程序并启动。安装完成后、终端窗口将显示Cumulus Linux登录提示。

    备注 每次安装Cumulus Linux时、都会擦除并重建整个文件系统结构。
  4. 重新启动SN2100交换机:

    cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo reboot
  5. 在GNU Grub屏幕上按* Esc 键以中断正常启动过程、选择 ONIE*、然后按* Enter键。

  6. 在下一个屏幕上、选择*。onIE:install OS*。

  7. ONIE安装程序发现过程将运行搜索自动安装。按*输入*以临时停止此过程。

  8. 发现过程停止后:

    ONIE:/ # onie-stop
    discover: installer mode detected.
    Stopping: discover...start-stop-daemon: warning: killing process 427:
    No such process done.
  9. 如果DHCP服务正在网络上运行、请验证是否已正确分配IP地址、子网掩码和默认网关:

    ifconfig eth0

    ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0
    eth0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr B8:CE:F6:19:1D:F6
           inet addr:10.233.204.71  Bcast:10.233.205.255  Mask:255.255.254.0
           inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe19:1df6/64 Scope:Link
           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
           RX packets:21344 errors:0 dropped:2135 overruns:0 frame:0
           TX packets:3500 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
           RX bytes:6119398 (5.8 MiB)  TX bytes:472975 (461.8 KiB)
           Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff
    
    ONIE:/ # route
    Kernel IP routing table
    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
    
    default         10.233.204.1    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0      0   eth0
    10.233.204.0    *               255.255.254.0   U     0      0      0   eth0
  10. 如果手动定义了IP地址方案、请执行以下操作:

    ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 10.233.204.71 netmask 255.255.254.0
    ONIE:/ # route add default gw 10.233.204.1
  11. 重复步骤9以验证是否正确输入了静态信息。

  12. 安装Cumulus Linux:

    # onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin
    ONIE:/ # route
    
      Kernel IP routing table
    
      ONIE:/ # onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin
    
      Stopping: discover... done.
      Info: Attempting http://10.60.132.97/x/eng/testbedN,svl/nic/files/cumulus-linux-4.4.3-mlx-amd64.bin ...
      Connecting to 10.60.132.97 (10.60.132.97:80)
      installer            100% |*|   552M  0:00:00 ETA
      ...
      ...
  13. 安装完成后、登录到交换机。

    cumulus login: cumulus
    Password: cumulus
    You are required to change your password immediately (administrator enforced)
    Changing password for cumulus.
    Current password: cumulus
    New password: <new_password>
    Retype new password: <new_password>
  14. 验证Cumulus Linux版本: net show version

    cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ net show version
    NCLU_VERSION=1.0-cl4.4.3u4
    DISTRIB_ID="Cumulus Linux"
    DISTRIB_RELEASE=4.4.3
    DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Cumulus Linux 4.4.3”
Cumulus Linux 5.x
  1. 将Cumulus Linux安装文件下载到Web服务器的根目录。将此文件重命名为: onie-installer

  2. 使用以太网缆线将主机连接到交换机的管理以太网端口。

  3. 打开交换机电源。

    交换机将下载ONIE映像安装程序并启动。安装完成后、终端窗口将显示Cumulus Linux登录提示。

    备注 每次安装Cumulus Linux时、都会擦除并重建整个文件系统结构。
  4. 重新启动SN2100交换机:

    cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo reboot
    .
    .
    GNU GRUB version 2.06-3
    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | Cumulus-Linux GNU/Linux                                                 |
    | Advanced options for Cumulus-Linux GNU/Linux                            |
    | ONIE                                                                    |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  5. 在GNU GRUB屏幕上按Esc键中断正常的引导过程,选择ONIE,然后按Enter键。

    .
    .
    Loading ONIE ...
    
    GNU GRUB version 2.02
    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | ONIE: Install OS                                                        |
    | ONIE: Rescue                                                            |
    | ONIE: Uninstall OS                                                      |
    | ONIE: Update ONIE                                                       |
    | ONIE: Embed ONIE                                                        |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    |                                                                         |
    +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    选择ONIE:安装操作系统。

  6. ONIE安装程序发现过程将运行搜索自动安装。按*输入*以临时停止此过程。

  7. 发现过程停止后:

    ONIE:/ # onie-stop
    discover: installer mode detected.
    Stopping: discover...start-stop-daemon: warning: killing process 427:
    No such process done.
  8. 配置IP地址、子网掩码和默认网关:

    ifconfig eth0

    ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0
    eth0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr B8:CE:F6:19:1D:F6
           inet addr:10.233.204.71  Bcast:10.233.205.255  Mask:255.255.254.0
           inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe19:1df6/64 Scope:Link
           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
           RX packets:21344 errors:0 dropped:2135 overruns:0 frame:0
           TX packets:3500 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
           RX bytes:6119398 (5.8 MiB)  TX bytes:472975 (461.8 KiB)
           Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff
    ONIE:/ #
    ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 10.228.140.27 netmask 255.255.248.0
    ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0
    eth0   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr B8:CE:F6:5E:05:E6
           inet addr:10.228.140.27 Bcast:10.228.143.255 Mask:255.255.248.0
           inet6 addr: fd20:8b1e:b255:822b:bace:f6ff:fe5e:5e6/64 Scope:Global
           inet6 addr: fe80::bace:f6ff:fe5e:5e6/64 Scope:Link
           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
           RX packets:18813 errors:0 dropped:1418 overruns:0 frame:0
           TX packets:491 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
           RX bytes:1339596 (1.2 MiB) TX bytes:49379 (48.2 KiB)
           Memory:dfc00000-dfc1ffff
    ONIE:/ # route add default gw 10.228.136.1
    ONIE:/ # route
    Kernel IP routing table
    Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
    
    default         10.228.136.1    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0      0   eth0
    10.228.136.1    *               255.255.248.0   U     0      0      0   eth0
  9. 安装Cumulus Linux 5.4:

    ONIE:/ # route
    
      Kernel IP routing table
    
      ONIE:/ # onie-nos-install http://<web-server>/<path>/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.bin
    
      Stopping: discover... done.
      Info: Attempting http://10.60.132.97/x/eng/testbedN,svl/nic/files/cumulus-linux-5.4-mlx-amd64.bin ...
      Connecting to 10.60.132.97 (10.60.132.97:80)
      installer            100% |*|   552M  0:00:00 ETA
      ...
      ...
  10. 安装完成后、登录到交换机。

    cumulus login: cumulus
    Password: cumulus
    You are required to change your password immediately (administrator enforced)
    Changing password for cumulus.
    Current password: cumulus
    New password: <new_password>
    Retype new password: <new_password>
  11. 验证Cumulus Linux版本: nv show system

    cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ nv show system
    operational         applied              description
    ------------------- -------------------- ---------------------
    hostname            cumulus              cumulus
    build               Cumulus Linux 5.4.0  system build version
    uptime              6 days, 13:37:36     system uptime
    timezone            Etc/UTC              system time zone
  12. 创建新用户并将此用户添加到 sudo 组。只有在重新启动控制台/SSH会话后、此用户才会生效。

    sudo adduser --ingroup netedit admin

    cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser --ingroup netedit admin
    [sudo] password for cumulus:
    Adding user 'admin' ...
    Adding new user 'admin' (1001) with group `netedit' ...
    Creating home directory '/home/admin' ...
    Copying files from '/etc/skel' ...
    New password:
    Retype new password:
    passwd: password updated successfully
    Changing the user information for admin
    Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Full Name []:
    Room Number []:
    Work Phone []:
    Home Phone []:
    Other []:
    Is the information correct? [Y/n] y
    
    cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser admin sudo
    [sudo] password for cumulus:
    Adding user `admin' to group `sudo' ...
    Adding user admin to group sudo
    Done.
    cumulus@sw1:mgmt:~$ exit
    logout
    Connection to 10.233.204.71 closed.
    
    [admin@cycrh6svl01 ~]$ ssh admin@10.233.204.71
    admin@10.233.204.71's password:
    Linux sw1 4.19.0-cl-1-amd64 #1 SMP Cumulus 4.19.206-1+cl4.4.1u1 (2021-09-09) x86_64
    Welcome to NVIDIA Cumulus (R) Linux (R)
    
    For support and online technical documentation, visit
    http://www.cumulusnetworks.com/support
    
    The registered trademark Linux (R) is used pursuant to a sublicense from LMI, the exclusive licensee of Linus Torvalds, owner of the mark on a world-wide basis.
    admin@sw1:mgmt:~$
  13. 添加供管理员用户访问的其他用户组 nv 命令:

    cumulus@cumulus:mgmt:~$ sudo adduser admin nvshow
         [sudo] password for cumulus:
         Adding user `admin' to group `nvshow' ...
         Adding user admin to group nvshow
         Done.

    请参见 "NVIDIA用户帐户" 有关详细信息 …​