La version française est une traduction automatique. La version anglaise prévaut sur la française en cas de divergence.

Exemples de crochet d’exécution

11/22/2022 Contributeurs

Utilisez les exemples suivants pour avoir une idée de la structure de vos crochets d’exécution. Vous pouvez utiliser ces crochets comme modèles ou comme scripts de test.

Exemple de réussite simple

Voici un exemple de crochet simple qui réussit et écrit un message sur une sortie standard et une erreur standard.

#!/bin/sh

# success_sample.sh
#
# A simple noop success hook script for testing purposes.
#
# args: None
#


#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running success_sample.sh"

# exit with 0 to indicate success
info "exit 0"
exit 0

Exemple de réussite simple (version bash)

Voici un exemple de crochet simple qui réussit et écrit un message sur une sortie standard et une erreur standard, écrit pour bash.

#!/bin/bash

# success_sample.bash
#
# A simple noop success hook script for testing purposes.
#
# args: None


#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running success_sample.bash"

# exit with 0 to indicate success
info "exit 0"
exit 0

Exemple de réussite simple (version zsh)

Voici un exemple de crochet simple qui réussit et écrit un message sur une sortie standard et une erreur standard, écrite pour le shell Z.

#!/bin/zsh

# success_sample.zsh
#
# A simple noop success hook script for testing purposes.
#
# args: None
#


#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}

#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running success_sample.zsh"

# exit with 0 to indicate success
info "exit 0"
exit 0

Exemple de réussite avec les arguments

L’exemple suivant montre comment utiliser des args dans un crochet.

#!/bin/sh

# success_sample_args.sh
#
# A simple success hook script with args for testing purposes.
#
# args: Up to two optional args that are echoed to stdout

#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running success_sample_args.sh"


# collect args
arg1=$1
arg2=$2

# output args and arg count to stdout
info "number of args: $#"
info "arg1 ${arg1}"
info "arg2 ${arg2}"

# exit with 0 to indicate success
info "exit 0"
exit 0

Exemple de crochet pré-instantané/post-instantané

L’exemple suivant montre comment le même script peut être utilisé à la fois pour un pré-snapshot et un crochet post-snapshot.

#!/bin/sh

# success_sample_pre_post.sh
#
# A simple success hook script example with an arg for testing purposes
# to demonstrate how the same script can be used for both a prehook and posthook
#
# args: [pre|post]

# unique error codes for every error case
ebase=100
eusage=$((ebase+1))
ebadstage=$((ebase+2))
epre=$((ebase+3))
epost=$((ebase+4))


#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# Would run prehook steps here
#
prehook() {
    info "Running noop prehook"
    return 0
}

#
# Would run posthook steps here
#
posthook() {
    info "Running noop posthook"
    return 0
}


#
# main
#

# check arg
stage=$1
if [ -z "${stage}" ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <pre|post>"
    exit ${eusage}
fi

if [ "${stage}" != "pre" ] && [ "${stage}" != "post" ]; then
    echo "Invalid arg: ${stage}"
    exit ${ebadstage}
fi

# log something to stdout
info "running success_sample_pre_post.sh"

if [ "${stage}" = "pre" ]; then
    prehook
    rc=$?
    if [ ${rc} -ne 0 ]; then
        error "Error during prehook"
    fi
fi

if [ "${stage}" = "post" ]; then
    posthook
    rc=$?
    if [ ${rc} -ne 0 ]; then
        error "Error during posthook"
    fi
fi

exit ${rc}

Exemple de panne

L’exemple suivant montre comment vous pouvez gérer les défaillances d’un crochet.

#!/bin/sh

# failure_sample_arg_exit_code.sh
#
# A simple failure hook script for testing purposes.
#
# args: [the exit code to return]
#


#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running failure_sample_arg_exit_code.sh"

argexitcode=$1

# log to stderr
error "script failed, returning exit code ${argexitcode}"

# exit with specified exit code
exit ${argexitcode}

Exemple détaillé d’échec

L’exemple suivant montre comment gérer les défaillances d’un crochet, avec une consignation plus détaillée.

#!/bin/sh

# failure_sample_verbose.sh
#
# A simple failure hook script with args for testing purposes.
#
# args: [The number of lines to output to stdout]


#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running failure_sample_verbose.sh"


# output arg value to stdout
linecount=$1
info "line count ${linecount}"

# write out a line to stdout based on line count arg
i=1
while [ "$i" -le ${linecount} ]; do
    info "This is line ${i} from failure_sample_verbose.sh"
    i=$(( i + 1 ))
done

error "exiting with error code 8"
exit 8

Échec avec un exemple de code de sortie

L’exemple suivant illustre l’échec d’un crochet avec un code de sortie.

#!/bin/sh

# failure_sample_arg_exit_code.sh
#
# A simple failure hook script for testing purposes.
#
# args: [the exit code to return]
#


#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running failure_sample_arg_exit_code.sh"

argexitcode=$1

# log to stderr
error "script failed, returning exit code ${argexitcode}"

# exit with specified exit code
exit ${argexitcode}

Exemple de succès après échec

L’exemple suivant illustre l’échec d’un crochet lors de sa première exécution, mais la réussite après la seconde course.

#!/bin/sh

# failure_then_success_sample.sh
#
# A hook script that fails on initial run but succeeds on second run for testing purposes.
#
# Helpful for testing retry logic for post hooks.
#
# args: None
#

#
# Writes the given message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
msg() {
    echo "$*"
}


#
# Writes the given information message to standard output
#
# $* - The message to write
#
info() {
    msg "INFO: $*"
}

#
# Writes the given error message to standard error
#
# $* - The message to write
#
error() {
    msg "ERROR: $*" 1>&2
}


#
# main
#

# log something to stdout
info "running failure_success sample.sh"


if [ -e /tmp/hook-test.junk ] ; then
    info "File does exist.  Removing /tmp/hook-test.junk"
    rm /tmp/hook-test.junk
    info "Second run so returning exit code 0"
    exit 0
else
    info "File does not exist.  Creating /tmp/hook-test.junk"
    echo "test" > /tmp/hook-test.junk
    error "Failed first run, returning exit code 5"
    exit 5
fi