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Configuration options and examples

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Learn about how to create and use ONTAP SAN drivers with your Astra Trident installation. This section provides backend configuration examples and details about how to map backends to StorageClasses.

Backend configuration options

See the following table for the backend configuration options:

Parameter Description Default

version

Always 1

storageDriverName

Name of the storage driver

“ontap-nas”, “ontap-nas-economy”, “ontap-nas-flexgroup”, “ontap-san”, “ontap-san-economy”

backendName

Custom name or the storage backend

Driver name + “_” + dataLIF

managementLIF

IP address of a cluster or SVM management LIF

“10.0.0.1”, “[2001:1234:abcd::fefe]”

dataLIF

IP address of protocol LIF. Use square brackets for IPv6. Cannot be updated after you set it

Derived by the SVM unless specified

useCHAP

Use CHAP to authenticate iSCSI for ONTAP SAN drivers [Boolean]

false

chapInitiatorSecret

CHAP initiator secret. Required if useCHAP=true

“”

labels

Set of arbitrary JSON-formatted labels to apply on volumes

“”

chapTargetInitiatorSecret

CHAP target initiator secret. Required if useCHAP=true

“”

chapUsername

Inbound username. Required if useCHAP=true

“”

chapTargetUsername

Target username. Required if useCHAP=true

“”

clientCertificate

Base64-encoded value of client certificate. Used for certificate-based auth

“”

clientPrivateKey

Base64-encoded value of client private key. Used for certificate-based auth

“”

trustedCACertificate

Base64-encoded value of trusted CA certificate. Optional. Used for certificate-based auth

“”

username

Username to connect to the cluster/SVM. Used for credential-based auth

“”

password

Password to connect to the cluster/SVM. Used for credential-based auth

“”

svm

Storage virtual machine to use

Derived if an SVM managementLIF is specified

igroupName

Name of the igroup for SAN volumes to use

“trident-<backend-UUID>”

storagePrefix

Prefix used when provisioning new volumes in the SVM. Cannot be updated after you set it

“trident”

limitAggregateUsage

Fail provisioning if usage is above this percentage. Does not apply to Amazon FSx for ONTAP

“” (not enforced by default)

limitVolumeSize

Fail provisioning if requested volume size is above this value.

“” (not enforced by default)

lunsPerFlexvol

Maximum LUNs per Flexvol, must be in range [50, 200]

“100”

debugTraceFlags

Debug flags to use when troubleshooting. Example, {“api”:false, “method”:true}

null

useREST

Boolean parameter to use ONTAP REST APIs. Tech preview

false
Note useREST is provided as a tech preview that is recommended for test environments and not for production workloads. When set to true, Astra Trident will use ONTAP REST APIs to communicate with the backend. This feature requires ONTAP 9.9 and later. In addition, the ONTAP login role used must have access to the ontap application. This is satisfied by the pre-defined vsadmin and cluster-admin roles.

To communicate with the ONTAP cluster, you should provide the authentication parameters. This could be the username/password to a security login or an installed certificate.

Warning If you are using an Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP backend, do not specify the limitAggregateUsage parameter. The fsxadmin and vsadmin roles provided by Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP do not contain the required access permissions to retrieve aggregate usage and limit it through Astra Trident.
Warning Do not use debugTraceFlags unless you are troubleshooting and require a detailed log dump.

For the ontap-san drivers, the default is to use all data LIF IPs from the SVM and to use iSCSI multipath. Specifying an IP address for the dataLIF for the ontap-san drivers forces them to disable multipath and use only the specified address.

Note When creating a backend, remember that dataLIF and storagePrefix cannot be modified after creation. To update these parameters, you will need to create a new backend.

igroupName can be set to an igroup that is already created on the ONTAP cluster. If unspecified, Astra Trident automatically creates an igroup named trident-<backend-UUID>. If providing a pre-defined igroupName, NetApp recommends using an igroup per Kubernetes cluster, if the SVM is to be shared between environments. This is necessary for Astra Trident to maintain IQN additions/deletions automatically.

Backends can also have igroups updated after creation:

  • igroupName can be updated to point to a new igroup that is created and managed on the SVM outside of Astra Trident.

  • igroupName can be omitted. In this case, Astra Trident will create and manage a trident-<backend-UUID> igroup automatically.

In both cases, volume attachments will continue to be accessible. Future volume attachments will use the updated igroup. This update does not disrupt access to volumes present on the backend.

A fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) can be specified for the managementLIF option.

managementLIF for all ONTAP drivers can also be set to IPv6 addresses. Make sure to install Trident with the --use-ipv6 flag. Care must be taken to define managementLIF IPv6 address within square brackets.

Warning When using IPv6 addresses, make sure managementLIF and dataLIF (if included in your backend definition) are defined within square brackets, such as [28e8:d9fb:a825:b7bf:69a8:d02f:9e7b:3555]. If dataLIF is not provided, Astra Trident will fetch the IPv6 data LIFs from the SVM.

To enable the ontap-san drivers to use CHAP, set the useCHAP parameter to true in your backend definition. Astra Trident will then configure and use bidirectional CHAP as the default authentication for the SVM given in the backend. See here to learn about how it works.

For the ontap-san-economy driver, the limitVolumeSize option will also restrict the maximum size of the volumes it manages for qtrees and LUNs.

Note Astra Trident sets provisioning labels in the “Comments” field of all volumes created using the ontap-san driver. For each volume created, the “Comments” field on the FlexVol will be populated with all labels present on the storage pool it is placed in. Storage administrators can define labels per storage pool and group all volumes created in a storage pool. This provides a convenient way of differentiating volumes based on a set of customizable labels that are provided in the backend configuration.

Backend configuration options for provisioning volumes

You can control how each volume is provisioned by default using these options in a special section of the configuration. For an example, see the configuration examples below.

Parameter Description Default

spaceAllocation

Space-allocation for LUNs

“true”

spaceReserve

Space reservation mode; “none” (thin) or “volume” (thick)

“none”

snapshotPolicy

Snapshot policy to use

“none”

qosPolicy

QoS policy group to assign for volumes created. Choose one of qosPolicy or adaptiveQosPolicy per storage pool/backend

“”

adaptiveQosPolicy

Adaptive QoS policy group to assign for volumes created. Choose one of qosPolicy or adaptiveQosPolicy per storage pool/backend

“”

snapshotReserve

Percentage of volume reserved for snapshots “0”

If snapshotPolicy is “none”, else “”

splitOnClone

Split a clone from its parent upon creation

“false”

splitOnClone

Split a clone from its parent upon creation

“false”

encryption

Enable NetApp volume encryption

“false”

securityStyle

Security style for new volumes

“unix”

tieringPolicy

Tiering policy to use “none”

“snapshot-only” for pre-ONTAP 9.5 SVM-DR configuration
Note Using QoS policy groups with Astra Trident requires ONTAP 9.8 or later. It is recommended to use a non-shared QoS policy group and ensure the policy group is applied to each constituent individually. A shared QoS policy group will enforce the ceiling for the total throughput of all workloads.

Here’s an example with defaults defined:

{
 "version": 1,
 "storageDriverName": "ontap-san",
 "managementLIF": "10.0.0.1",
 "dataLIF": "10.0.0.2",
 "svm": "trident_svm",
 "username": "admin",
 "password": "password",
 "labels": {"k8scluster": "dev2", "backend": "dev2-sanbackend"},
 "storagePrefix": "alternate-trident",
 "igroupName": "custom",
 "debugTraceFlags": {"api":false, "method":true},
 "defaults": {
     "spaceReserve": "volume",
     "qosPolicy": "standard",
     "spaceAllocation": "false",
     "snapshotPolicy": "default",
     "snapshotReserve": "10"
 }
}
Note For all volumes created using the ontap-san driver, Astra Trident adds an extra 10 percent capacity to the FlexVol to accommodate the LUN metadata. The LUN will be provisioned with the exact size that the user requests in the PVC. Astra Trident adds 10 percent to the FlexVol (shows as Available size in ONTAP). Users will now get the amount of usable capacity they requested. This change also prevents LUNs from becoming read-only unless the available space is fully utilized. This does not apply to ontap-san-economy.

For backends that define snapshotReserve, Astra Trident calculates the size of volumes as follows:

Total volume size = [(PVC requested size) / (1 - (snapshotReserve percentage) / 100)] * 1.1

The 1.1 is the extra 10 percent Astra Trident adds to the FlexVol to accommodate the LUN metadata. For snapshotReserve = 5%, and PVC request = 5GiB, the total volume size is 5.79GiB and the available size is 5.5GiB. The volume show command should show results similar to this example:

Shows the output of the volume show command.

Currently, resizing is the only way to use the new calculation for an existing volume.

Minimal configuration examples

The following examples show basic configurations that leave most parameters to default. This is the easiest way to define a backend.

Note If you are using Amazon FSx on NetApp ONTAP with Astra Trident, the recommendation is to specify DNS names for LIFs instead of IP addresses.

ontap-san driver with certificate-based authentication

This is a minimal backend configuration example. clientCertificate, clientPrivateKey, and trustedCACertificate (optional, if using trusted CA) are populated in backend.json and take the base64-encoded values of the client certificate, private key, and trusted CA certificate, respectively.

{
    "version": 1,
    "storageDriverName": "ontap-san",
    "backendName": "DefaultSANBackend",
    "managementLIF": "10.0.0.1",
    "dataLIF": "10.0.0.3",
    "svm": "svm_iscsi",
    "useCHAP": true,
    "chapInitiatorSecret": "cl9qxIm36DKyawxy",
    "chapTargetInitiatorSecret": "rqxigXgkesIpwxyz",
    "chapTargetUsername": "iJF4heBRT0TCwxyz",
    "chapUsername": "uh2aNCLSd6cNwxyz",
    "igroupName": "trident",
    "clientCertificate": "ZXR0ZXJwYXB...ICMgJ3BhcGVyc2",
    "clientPrivateKey": "vciwKIyAgZG...0cnksIGRlc2NyaX",
    "trustedCACertificate": "zcyBbaG...b3Igb3duIGNsYXNz"
}

ontap-san driver with bidirectional CHAP

This is a minimal backend configuration example. This basic configuration creates an ontap-san backend with useCHAP set to true.

{
    "version": 1,
    "storageDriverName": "ontap-san",
    "managementLIF": "10.0.0.1",
    "dataLIF": "10.0.0.3",
    "svm": "svm_iscsi",
    "labels": {"k8scluster": "test-cluster-1", "backend": "testcluster1-sanbackend"},
    "useCHAP": true,
    "chapInitiatorSecret": "cl9qxIm36DKyawxy",
    "chapTargetInitiatorSecret": "rqxigXgkesIpwxyz",
    "chapTargetUsername": "iJF4heBRT0TCwxyz",
    "chapUsername": "uh2aNCLSd6cNwxyz",
    "igroupName": "trident",
    "username": "vsadmin",
    "password": "secret"
}

ontap-san-economy driver

{
    "version": 1,
    "storageDriverName": "ontap-san-economy",
    "managementLIF": "10.0.0.1",
    "svm": "svm_iscsi_eco",
    "useCHAP": true,
    "chapInitiatorSecret": "cl9qxIm36DKyawxy",
    "chapTargetInitiatorSecret": "rqxigXgkesIpwxyz",
    "chapTargetUsername": "iJF4heBRT0TCwxyz",
    "chapUsername": "uh2aNCLSd6cNwxyz",
    "igroupName": "trident",
    "username": "vsadmin",
    "password": "secret"
}

Examples of backends with virtual storage pools

In the sample backend definition file shown below, specific defaults are set for all storage pools, such as spaceReserve at none, spaceAllocation at false, and encryption at false. The virtual storage pools are defined in the storage section.

In this example, some of the storage pool sets their own spaceReserve, spaceAllocation, and encryption values, and some pools overwrite the default values set above.

{
    "version": 1,
    "storageDriverName": "ontap-san",
    "managementLIF": "10.0.0.1",
    "dataLIF": "10.0.0.3",
    "svm": "svm_iscsi",
    "useCHAP": true,
    "chapInitiatorSecret": "cl9qxIm36DKyawxy",
    "chapTargetInitiatorSecret": "rqxigXgkesIpwxyz",
    "chapTargetUsername": "iJF4heBRT0TCwxyz",
    "chapUsername": "uh2aNCLSd6cNwxyz",
    "igroupName": "trident",
    "username": "vsadmin",
    "password": "secret",

    "defaults": {
          "spaceAllocation": "false",
          "encryption": "false",
          "qosPolicy": "standard"
    },
    "labels":{"store": "san_store", "kubernetes-cluster": "prod-cluster-1"},
    "region": "us_east_1",
    "storage": [
        {
            "labels":{"protection":"gold", "creditpoints":"40000"},
            "zone":"us_east_1a",
            "defaults": {
                "spaceAllocation": "true",
                "encryption": "true",
                "adaptiveQosPolicy": "adaptive-extreme"
            }
        },
        {
            "labels":{"protection":"silver", "creditpoints":"20000"},
            "zone":"us_east_1b",
            "defaults": {
                "spaceAllocation": "false",
                "encryption": "true",
                "qosPolicy": "premium"
            }
        },
        {
            "labels":{"protection":"bronze", "creditpoints":"5000"},
            "zone":"us_east_1c",
            "defaults": {
                "spaceAllocation": "true",
                "encryption": "false"
            }
        }
    ]
}

Here is an iSCSI example for the ontap-san-economy driver:

{
    "version": 1,
    "storageDriverName": "ontap-san-economy",
    "managementLIF": "10.0.0.1",
    "svm": "svm_iscsi_eco",
    "useCHAP": true,
    "chapInitiatorSecret": "cl9qxIm36DKyawxy",
    "chapTargetInitiatorSecret": "rqxigXgkesIpwxyz",
    "chapTargetUsername": "iJF4heBRT0TCwxyz",
    "chapUsername": "uh2aNCLSd6cNwxyz",
    "igroupName": "trident",
    "username": "vsadmin",
    "password": "secret",

    "defaults": {
          "spaceAllocation": "false",
          "encryption": "false"
    },
    "labels":{"store":"san_economy_store"},
    "region": "us_east_1",
    "storage": [
        {
            "labels":{"app":"oracledb", "cost":"30"},
            "zone":"us_east_1a",
            "defaults": {
                "spaceAllocation": "true",
                "encryption": "true"
            }
        },
        {
            "labels":{"app":"postgresdb", "cost":"20"},
            "zone":"us_east_1b",
            "defaults": {
                "spaceAllocation": "false",
                "encryption": "true"
            }
        },
        {
            "labels":{"app":"mysqldb", "cost":"10"},
            "zone":"us_east_1c",
            "defaults": {
                "spaceAllocation": "true",
                "encryption": "false"
            }
        }
    ]
}

Map backends to StorageClasses

The following StorageClass definitions refer to the above virtual storage pools. Using the parameters.selector field, each StorageClass calls out which virtual pool(s) can be used to host a volume. The volume will have the aspects defined in the chosen virtual pool.

  • The first StorageClass (protection-gold) will map to the first, second virtual storage pool in the ontap-nas-flexgroup backend and the first virtual storage pool in the ontap-san backend. These are the only pool offering gold level protection.

  • The second StorageClass (protection-not-gold) will map to the third, fourth virtual storage pool in ontap-nas-flexgroup backend and the second, third virtual storage pool in ontap-san backend. These are the only pools offering protection level other than gold.

  • The third StorageClass (app-mysqldb) will map to the fourth virtual storage pool in ontap-nas backend and the third virtual storage pool in ontap-san-economy backend. These are the only pools offering storage pool configuration for mysqldb type app.

  • The fourth StorageClass (protection-silver-creditpoints-20k) will map to the third virtual storage pool in ontap-nas-flexgroup backend and the second virtual storage pool in ontap-san backend. These are the only pools offering gold-level protection at 20000 creditpoints.

  • The fifth StorageClass (creditpoints-5k) will map to the second virtual storage pool in ontap-nas-economy backend and the third virtual storage pool in ontap-san backend. These are the only pool offerings at 5000 creditpoints.

Astra Trident will decide which virtual storage pool is selected and will ensure the storage requirement is met.

apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: protection-gold
provisioner: netapp.io/trident
parameters:
  selector: "protection=gold"
  fsType: "ext4"
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: protection-not-gold
provisioner: netapp.io/trident
parameters:
  selector: "protection!=gold"
  fsType: "ext4"
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: app-mysqldb
provisioner: netapp.io/trident
parameters:
  selector: "app=mysqldb"
  fsType: "ext4"
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: protection-silver-creditpoints-20k
provisioner: netapp.io/trident
parameters:
  selector: "protection=silver; creditpoints=20000"
  fsType: "ext4"
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: creditpoints-5k
provisioner: netapp.io/trident
parameters:
  selector: "creditpoints=5000"
  fsType: "ext4"