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本繁體中文版使用機器翻譯，譯文僅供參考，若與英文版本牴觸，應以英文版本為準。

Oracle 移轉程序範例指令碼

貢獻者

提供的指令碼是如何為各種作業系統和資料庫工作撰寫指令碼的範例。這些都是依現狀供應。如果特定程序需要支援、請聯絡 NetApp 或 NetApp 經銷商。

資料庫關機

下列 Perl 指令碼會採用 Oracle SID 的單一引數、並關閉資料庫。它可以以 Oracle 使用者或 root 身分執行。

#! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $oraclesid=$ARGV[0];
my $oracleuser='oracle';
my @out;
my $uid=$<;
if ($uid == 0) {
@out=`su - $oracleuser -c '. oraenv << EOF1
77 Migration of Oracle Databases to NetApp Storage Systems © 2021 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved
$oraclesid
EOF1
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
shutdown immediate;
EOF2
'
`;}
else {
@out=`. oraenv << EOF1
$oraclesid
EOF4
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
shutdown immediate;
EOF2
`;};
print @out;
if ("@out" =~ /ORACLE instance shut down/) {
print "$oraclesid shut down\n";
exit 0;}
elsif ("@out" =~ /Connected to an idle instance/) {
print "$oraclesid already shut down\n";
exit 0;}
else {
print "$oraclesid failed to shut down\n";
exit 1;}

資料庫啟動

下列 Perl 指令碼會採用 Oracle SID 的單一引數、並關閉資料庫。它可以以 Oracle 使用者或 root 身分執行。

#! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my $oraclesid=$ARGV[0];
my $oracleuser='oracle';
my @out;
my $uid=$<;
if ($uid == 0) {
@out=`su - $oracleuser -c '. oraenv << EOF1
$oraclesid
EOF1
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
startup;
EOF2
'
`;}
else {
@out=`. oraenv << EOF3
$oraclesid
EOF1
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
startup;
EOF2
`;};
print @out;
if ("@out" =~ /Database opened/) {
print "$oraclesid started\n";
exit 0;}
elsif ("@out" =~ /cannot start already-running ORACLE/) {
print "$oraclesid already started\n";
exit 1;}
else {
78 Migration of Oracle Databases to NetApp Storage Systems © 2021 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved
print "$oraclesid failed to start\n";
exit 1;}

將檔案系統轉換為唯讀

下列指令碼會採用檔案系統引數、並嘗試將其卸除並重新掛載為唯讀。在移轉過程中、這樣做非常有用、因為必須將檔案系統保留在可複寫資料的位置、但必須保護其免於意外損壞。

#! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
#use warnings;
my $filesystem=$ARGV[0];
my @out=`umount '$filesystem'`;
if ($? == 0) {
 print "$filesystem unmounted\n";
 @out = `mount -o ro '$filesystem'`;
 if ($? == 0) {
 print "$filesystem mounted read-only\n";
 exit 0;}}
else {
 print "Unable to unmount $filesystem\n";
 exit 1;}
print @out;

取代檔案系統

下列指令碼範例用於將一個檔案系統取代為另一個檔案系統。因爲它編輯了 /etc/fstab 文件，所以它必須以 root 身份運行。它接受新舊檔案系統的單一逗號分隔引數。

  1. 若要取代檔案系統、請執行下列指令碼：

    #! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
#use warnings;
my $oldfs;
my $newfs;
my @oldfstab;
my @newfstab;
my $source;
my $mountpoint;
my $leftover;
my $oldfstabentry='';
my $newfstabentry='';
my $migratedfstabentry='';
($oldfs, $newfs) = split (',',$ARGV[0]);
open(my $filehandle, '<', '/etc/fstab') or die "Could not open /etc/fstab\n";
while (my $line = <$filehandle>) {
 chomp $line;
 ($source, $mountpoint, $leftover) = split(/[ , ]/,$line, 3);
 if ($mountpoint eq $oldfs) {
 $oldfstabentry = "#Removed by swap script $source $oldfs $leftover";}
 elsif ($mountpoint eq $newfs) {
 $newfstabentry = "#Removed by swap script $source $newfs $leftover";
 $migratedfstabentry = "$source $oldfs $leftover";}
 else {
 push (@newfstab, "$line\n")}}
79 Migration of Oracle Databases to NetApp Storage Systems © 2021 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved
push (@newfstab, "$oldfstabentry\n");
push (@newfstab, "$newfstabentry\n");
push (@newfstab, "$migratedfstabentry\n");
close($filehandle);
if ($oldfstabentry eq ''){
 die "Could not find $oldfs in /etc/fstab\n";}
if ($newfstabentry eq ''){
 die "Could not find $newfs in /etc/fstab\n";}
my @out=`umount '$newfs'`;
if ($? == 0) {
 print "$newfs unmounted\n";}
else {
 print "Unable to unmount $newfs\n";
 exit 1;}
@out=`umount '$oldfs'`;
if ($? == 0) {
 print "$oldfs unmounted\n";}
else {
 print "Unable to unmount $oldfs\n";
 exit 1;}
system("cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak");
open ($filehandle, ">", '/etc/fstab') or die "Could not open /etc/fstab for writing\n";
for my $line (@newfstab) {
 print $filehandle $line;}
close($filehandle);
@out=`mount '$oldfs'`;
if ($? == 0) {
 print "Mounted updated $oldfs\n";
 exit 0;}
else{
 print "Unable to mount updated $oldfs\n";
 exit 1;}
exit 0;

    以本指令碼的使用範例為例、假設中的資料 /oradata 移轉至 /neworadata 和 /logs 移轉至 /newlogs。執行此工作最簡單的方法之一、就是使用簡單的檔案複製作業、將新裝置重新放置回原始安裝點。

  2. 假設舊的和新的檔案系統存在於中 /etc/fstab 檔案如下：

    cluster01:/vol_oradata /oradata nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
cluster01:/vol_logs /logs nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
cluster01:/vol_neworadata /neworadata nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
cluster01:/vol_newlogs /newlogs nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0

  3. 執行時、此指令碼會卸載目前的檔案系統、並以新的：

    [root@jfsc3 scripts]# ./swap.fs.pl /oradata,/neworadata
/neworadata unmounted
/oradata unmounted
Mounted updated /oradata
[root@jfsc3 scripts]# ./swap.fs.pl /logs,/newlogs
/newlogs unmounted
/logs unmounted
Mounted updated /logs

  4. 指令碼也會更新 /etc/fstab 請據此歸檔。在此處所示範例中、包含下列變更：

    #Removed by swap script cluster01:/vol_oradata /oradata nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
#Removed by swap script cluster01:/vol_neworadata /neworadata nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
cluster01:/vol_neworadata /oradata nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
#Removed by swap script cluster01:/vol_logs /logs nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
#Removed by swap script cluster01:/vol_newlogs /newlogs nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
cluster01:/vol_newlogs /logs nfs rw,bg,vers=3,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0

自動化資料庫移轉

此範例示範如何使用關機、啟動及檔案系統置換指令碼來完全自動化移轉。

#! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
#use warnings;
my $oraclesid=$ARGV[0];
my @oldfs;
my @newfs;
my $x=1;
while ($x < scalar(@ARGV)) {
   ($oldfs[$x-1], $newfs[$x-1]) = split (',',$ARGV[$x]);
   $x+=1;}
my @out=`./dbshut.pl '$oraclesid'`;
print @out;
if ($? ne 0) {
   print "Failed to shut down database\n";
   exit 0;}
$x=0;
while ($x < scalar(@oldfs)) {
   my @out=`./mk.fs.readonly.pl '$oldfs[$x]'`;
   if ($? ne 0) {
      print "Failed to make filesystem $oldfs[$x] readonly\n";
      exit 0;}
   $x+=1;}
$x=0;
while ($x < scalar(@oldfs)) {
   my @out=`rsync -rlpogt --stats --progress --exclude='.snapshot' '$oldfs[$x]/' '/$newfs[$x]/'`;
   print @out;
   if ($? ne 0) {
      print "Failed to copy filesystem $oldfs[$x] to $newfs[$x]\n";
      exit 0;}
   else {
      print "Succesfully replicated filesystem $oldfs[$x] to $newfs[$x]\n";}
   $x+=1;}
$x=0;
while ($x < scalar(@oldfs)) {
   print "swap $x $oldfs[$x] $newfs[$x]\n";
   my @out=`./swap.fs.pl '$oldfs[$x],$newfs[$x]'`;
   print @out;
   if ($? ne 0) {
      print "Failed to swap filesystem $oldfs[$x] for $newfs[$x]\n";
      exit 1;}
   else {
      print "Swapped filesystem $oldfs[$x] for $newfs[$x]\n";}
   $x+=1;}
my @out=`./dbstart.pl '$oraclesid'`;
print @out;

顯示檔案位置

此指令碼會收集許多重要的資料庫參數、並以易讀的格式列印。此指令碼在檢閱資料配置時非常實用。此外、指令碼也可以修改以供其他用途使用。

#! /usr/bin/perl
#use strict;
#use warnings;
my $oraclesid=$ARGV[0];
my $oracleuser='oracle';
my @out;
sub dosql{
        my $command = @_[0];
        my @lines;
        my $uid=$<;
        if ($uid == 0) {
        @lines=`su - $oracleuser -c "export ORAENV_ASK=NO;export ORACLE_SID=$oraclesid;. oraenv -s << EOF1
EOF1
sqlplus -S / as sysdba << EOF2
set heading off
$command
EOF2
"
        `;}
        else {
        $command=~s/\\\\\\/\\/g;
        @lines=`export ORAENV_ASK=NO;export ORACLE_SID=$oraclesid;. oraenv -s << EOF1
EOF1
sqlplus -S / as sysdba << EOF2
set heading off
$command
EOF2
        `;};
return @lines}
print "\n";
@out=dosql('select name from v\\\\\$datafile;');
print "$oraclesid datafiles:\n";
for $line (@out) {
        chomp($line);
        if (length($line)>0) {print "$line\n";}}
print "\n";
@out=dosql('select member from v\\\\\$logfile;');
print "$oraclesid redo logs:\n";
for $line (@out) {
        chomp($line);
        if (length($line)>0) {print "$line\n";}}
print "\n";
@out=dosql('select name from v\\\\\$tempfile;');
print "$oraclesid temp datafiles:\n";
for $line (@out) {
        chomp($line);
        if (length($line)>0) {print "$line\n";}}
print "\n";
@out=dosql('show parameter spfile;');
print "$oraclesid spfile\n";
for $line (@out) {
        chomp($line);
        if (length($line)>0) {print "$line\n";}}
print "\n";
@out=dosql('select name||\' \'||value from v\\\\\$parameter where isdefault=\'FALSE\';');
print "$oraclesid key parameters\n";
for $line (@out) {
        chomp($line);
        if ($line =~ /control_files/) {print "$line\n";}
        if ($line =~ /db_create/) {print "$line\n";}
        if ($line =~ /db_file_name_convert/) {print "$line\n";}
        if ($line =~ /log_archive_dest/) {print "$line\n";}}
        if ($line =~ /log_file_name_convert/) {print "$line\n";}
        if ($line =~ /pdb_file_name_convert/) {print "$line\n";}
        if ($line =~ /spfile/) {print "$line\n";}
print "\n";

ASM 移轉清理

#! /usr/bin/perl
#use strict;
#use warnings;
my $oraclesid=$ARGV[0];
my $oracleuser='oracle';
my @out;
sub dosql{
        my $command = @_[0];
        my @lines;
        my $uid=$<;
        if ($uid == 0) {
        @lines=`su - $oracleuser -c "export ORAENV_ASK=NO;export ORACLE_SID=$oraclesid;. oraenv -s << EOF1
EOF1
sqlplus -S / as sysdba << EOF2
set heading off
$command
EOF2
"
        `;}
        else {
        $command=~s/\\\\\\/\\/g;
        @lines=`export ORAENV_ASK=NO;export ORACLE_SID=$oraclesid;. oraenv -s << EOF1
EOF1
sqlplus -S / as sysdba << EOF2
set heading off
$command
EOF2
        `;}
return @lines}
print "\n";
@out=dosql('select name from v\\\\\$datafile;');
print @out;
print "shutdown immediate;\n";
print "startup mount;\n";
print "\n";
for $line (@out) {
        if (length($line) > 1) {
                chomp($line);
                ($first, $second,$third,$fourth)=split('_',$line);
                $fourth =~ s/^TS-//;
                $newname=lc("$fourth.dbf");
                $path2file=$line;
                $path2file=~ /(^.*.\/)/;
                print "host mv $line $1$newname\n";}}
print "\n";
for $line (@out) {
        if (length($line) > 1) {
                chomp($line);
                ($first, $second,$third,$fourth)=split('_',$line);
                $fourth =~ s/^TS-//;
                $newname=lc("$fourth.dbf");
                $path2file=$line;
                $path2file=~ /(^.*.\/)/;
                print "alter database rename file '$line' to '$1$newname';\n";}}
print "alter database open;\n";
print "\n";

ASM 至檔案系統名稱轉換

set serveroutput on;
set wrap off;
declare
    cursor df is select file#, name from v$datafile;
    cursor tf is select file#, name from v$tempfile;
    cursor lf is select member from v$logfile;
    firstline boolean := true;
begin
    dbms_output.put_line(CHR(13));
    dbms_output.put_line('Parameters for log file conversion:');
    dbms_output.put_line(CHR(13));
    dbms_output.put('*.log_file_name_convert = ');
    for lfrec in lf loop
        if (firstline = true) then
            dbms_output.put('''' || lfrec.member || ''', ');
            dbms_output.put('''/NEW_PATH/' || regexp_replace(lfrec.member,'^.*./','') || '''');
        else
            dbms_output.put(',''' || lfrec.member || ''', ');
            dbms_output.put('''/NEW_PATH/' || regexp_replace(lfrec.member,'^.*./','') || '''');
        end if;
        firstline:=false;
    end loop;
    dbms_output.put_line(CHR(13));
    dbms_output.put_line(CHR(13));
    dbms_output.put_line('rman duplication script:');
    dbms_output.put_line(CHR(13));
    dbms_output.put_line('run');
    dbms_output.put_line('{');
    for dfrec in df loop
        dbms_output.put_line('set newname for datafile ' ||
            dfrec.file# || ' to ''' || dfrec.name ||''';');
    end loop;
    for tfrec in tf loop
        dbms_output.put_line('set newname for tempfile ' ||
            tfrec.file# || ' to ''' || tfrec.name ||''';');
    end loop;
    dbms_output.put_line('duplicate target database for standby backup location INSERT_PATH_HERE;');
    dbms_output.put_line('}');
end;
/

在資料庫上重新播放記錄

此指令碼接受 Oracle SID 的單一引數、用於處於掛載模式的資料庫、並嘗試重新播放所有目前可用的歸檔記錄。

#! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
my $oraclesid=$ARGV[0];
my $oracleuser='oracle';
84 Migration of Oracle Databases to NetApp Storage Systems © 2021 NetApp, Inc. All rights reserved
my $uid = $<;
my @out;
if ($uid == 0) {
@out=`su - $oracleuser -c '. oraenv << EOF1
$oraclesid
EOF1
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
recover database until cancel;
auto
EOF2
'
`;}
else {
@out=`. oraenv << EOF1
$oraclesid
EOF1
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
recover database until cancel;
auto
EOF2
`;
}
print @out;

在待命資料庫上重新播放記錄

此指令碼與前述指令碼相同、但其設計用於待命資料庫。

#! /usr/bin/perl
use strict;
my $oraclesid=$ARGV[0];
my $oracleuser='oracle';
my $uid = $<;
my @out;
if ($uid == 0) {
@out=`su - $oracleuser -c '. oraenv << EOF1
$oraclesid
EOF1
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
recover standby database until cancel;
auto
EOF2
'
`;}
else {
@out=`. oraenv << EOF1
$oraclesid
EOF1
sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF2
recover standby database until cancel;
auto
EOF2
`;
}
print @out;