Skip to main content
NetApp Solutions
简体中文版经机器翻译而成，仅供参考。如与英语版出现任何冲突，应以英语版为准。

使用PowerShell强化ONTAP网络存储

贡献者
PDF

与传统解决方案相比、ONTAP网络存储可提供更强的抵御网络攻击的能力。在设计架构以增强安全性时、考虑减少攻击面积的措施至关重要。这可以通过各种方法来实现、例如实施强化密码策略、启用RBAC、锁定默认用户帐户、配置防火墙以及对存储系统进行任何更改时利用审批流。此外、限制特定IP地址的网络访问协议有助于限制潜在的漏洞。

ONTAP提供了一组控件、用于加强ONTAP存储。使用"ONTAP的指导和配置设置"帮助组织满足信息系统机密性、完整性和可用性方面的规定安全目标。

强化最佳实践

手动步骤

  1. 创建具有预定义和自定义管理角色的指定用户。

  2. 创建新的IP空间以隔离网络流量。

  3. 创建驻留在新IP空间中的新SVM。

  4. 确保正确配置防火墙路由策略、并根据需要定期审核和更新所有规则。

ONTAP命令行界面或通过自动化脚本

  1. 通过多管理员验证(Multi-Admin Verification、MFA)保护管理

  2. 为集群之间"传输中"的标准数据启用加密。

  3. 使用强加密密码保护SSH并强制实施安全密码。

  4. 启用全局FIPS。

  5. 应禁用Telnet和远程Shell (RSH)。

  6. 锁定默认管理员帐户。

  7. 禁用数据BIFs并保护远程访问点的安全。

  8. 禁用并删除未使用或无关的协议和服务。

  9. 对网络流量进行加密。

  10. 在设置超级用户和管理角色时、请使用最小特权原则。

  11. 使用允许的IP选项限制HTTPS和SSH的特定IP地址。

  12. 根据传输计划暂停和恢复复制。

要点1-4需要手动干预、例如指定一个隔离的网络、隔离IP空间等、并且需要事先执行。有关配置强化的详细信息，请参见"ONTAP安全强化指南"。其余部分可以轻松实现自动化、便于部署和监控。此协调方法的目标是提供一种机制来自动执行强化步骤、以使存储控制器适应未来需求。网络存储空隙开放的时间范围尽可能短。SnapVault利用增量永久技术、该技术只会将自上次更新以来的更改移至网络存储、从而最大程度地减少网络存储必须保持打开状态的时间。为了进一步优化工作流、网络存储的打开与复制计划相协调、以确保连接窗口最小。

以下是用于加密ONTAP控制器的PowerShell代码示例。

function removeSvmDataProtocols {
    try {

        # checking NFS service is disabled
        logMessage -message "Checking if NFS service is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
        $nfsService = Get-NcNfsService
        if($nfsService) {
            # Remove NFS
            logMessage -message "Removing NFS protocol on vServer : $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
            Remove-NcNfsService -VserverContext $DESTINATION_VSERVER -Confirm:$false
            logMessage -message "NFS protocol removed on vServer :  $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        } else {
            logMessage -message "NFS service is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        }

        # checking CIFS/SMB server is disabled
        logMessage -message "Checking if CIFS/SMB server is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
        $cifsServer = Get-NcCifsServer
        if($cifsServer) {
            # Remove SMB/CIFS
            logMessage -message "Removing SMB/CIFS protocol on vServer : $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
            $domainAdministratorUsername = Read-Host -Prompt "Enter Domain administrator username"
            $domainAdministratorPassword = Read-Host -Prompt "Enter Domain administrator password" -AsSecureString
            $plainPassword = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto([Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($domainAdministratorPassword))
            Remove-NcCifsServer -VserverContext $DESTINATION_VSERVER -AdminUsername $domainAdministratorUsername -AdminPassword $plainPassword -Confirm:$false -ErrorAction Stop
            logMessage -message "SMB/CIFS protocol removed on vServer :  $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        } else {
            logMessage -message "CIFS/SMB server is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        }

        # checking iSCSI service is disabled
        logMessage -message "Checking if iSCSI service is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
        $iscsiService = Get-NcIscsiService
        if($iscsiService) {
            # Remove iSCSI
            logMessage -message "Removing iSCSI protocol on vServer : $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
            Remove-NcIscsiService -VserverContext $DESTINATION_VSERVER -Confirm:$false
            logMessage -message "iSCSI protocol removed on vServer :  $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        } else {
            logMessage -message "iSCSI service is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        }

        # checking FCP service is disabled
        logMessage -message "Checking if FCP service is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
        $fcpService = Get-NcFcpService
        if($fcpService) {
            # Remove FCP
            logMessage -message "Removing FC protocol on vServer : $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
            Remove-NcFcpService -VserverContext $DESTINATION_VSERVER -Confirm:$false
            logMessage -message "FC protocol removed on vServer :  $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        } else {
            logMessage -message "FCP service is disabled on vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"
        }

    } catch {
        handleError -errorMessage $_.Exception.Message
    }
}

function disableSvmDataLifs {
    try {
        logMessage -message "Finding all data lifs on vServer : $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
        $dataLifs = Get-NcNetInterface -Vserver $DESTINATION_VSERVER | Where-Object { $_.Role -contains "data_core" }
        $dataLifs | Select-Object -Property InterfaceName, OpStatus, DataProtocols, Vserver, Address

        logMessage -message "Disabling all data lifs on vServer : $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
        # Disable the filtered data LIFs
        foreach ($lif in $dataLifs) {
            $disableLif = Set-NcNetInterface -Vserver $DESTINATION_VSERVER -Name $lif.InterfaceName -AdministrativeStatus down -ErrorAction Stop
            $disableLif | Select-Object -Property InterfaceName, OpStatus, DataProtocols, Vserver, Address
        }
        logMessage -message "Disabled all data lifs on vServer : $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"

    } catch {
        handleError -errorMessage $_.Exception.Message
    }
}

function configureMultiAdminApproval {
    try {

        # check if multi admin verification is enabled
        logMessage -message "Checking if multi-admin verification is enabled"
        $maaConfig = Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command "set -privilege advanced; security multi-admin-verify show"
        if ($maaConfig.Value -match "Enabled" -and $maaConfig.Value -match "true") {
            $maaConfig
            logMessage -message "Multi-admin verification is configured and enabled" -type "SUCCESS"
        } else {
            logMessage -message "Setting Multi-admin verification rules"
            # Define the commands to be restricted
            $rules = @(
                "cluster peer delete",
                "vserver peer delete",
                "volume snapshot policy modify",
                "volume snapshot rename",
                "vserver audit modify",
                "vserver audit delete",
                "vserver audit disable"
            )
            foreach($rule in $rules) {
                Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command "security multi-admin-verify rule create -operation `"$rule`""
            }

            logMessage -message "Creating multi admin verification group for ONTAP Cluster $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP, Group name : $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_GROUP_NAME, Users : $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_USERS, Email : $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_EMAIL"
            Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command "security multi-admin-verify approval-group create -name $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_GROUP_NAME -approvers $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_USERS -email `"$MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_EMAIL`""
            logMessage -message "Created multi admin verification group for ONTAP Cluster $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP, Group name : $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_GROUP_NAME, Users : $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_USERS, Email : $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_EMAIL" -type "SUCCESS"

            logMessage -message "Enabling multi admin verification group $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_GROUP_NAME"
            Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command "security multi-admin-verify modify -approval-groups $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_GROUP_NAME -required-approvers 1 -enabled true"
            logMessage -message "Enabled multi admin verification group $MULTI_ADMIN_APPROVAL_GROUP_NAME" -type "SUCCESS"

            logMessage -message "Enabling multi admin verification for ONTAP Cluster $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP"
            Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command "security multi-admin-verify modify -enabled true"
            logMessage -message "Successfully enabled multi admin verification for ONTAP Cluster $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP" -type "SUCCESS"

            logMessage -message "Enabling multi admin verification for ONTAP Cluster $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP"
            Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command "security multi-admin-verify modify -enabled true"
            logMessage -message "Successfully enabled multi admin verification for ONTAP Cluster $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP" -type "SUCCESS"
        }

    } catch {
        handleError -errorMessage $_.Exception.Message
    }
}

function additionalSecurityHardening {
    try {
        $command = "set -privilege advanced -confirmations off;security protocol modify -application telnet -enabled false;"
        logMessage -message "Disabling Telnet"
        Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command $command
        logMessage -message "Disabled Telnet" -type "SUCCESS"

        #$command = "set -privilege advanced -confirmations off;security config modify -interface SSL -is-fips-enabled true;"
        #logMessage -message "Enabling Global FIPS"
        ##Invoke-SSHCommand -SessionId $sshSession.SessionId -Command $command -ErrorAction Stop
        #logMessage -message "Enabled Global FIPS" -type "SUCCESS"

        $command = "set -privilege advanced -confirmations off;network interface service-policy modify-service -vserver cluster2 -policy default-management -service management-https -allowed-addresses $ALLOWED_IPS;"
        logMessage -message "Restricting IP addresses $ALLOWED_IPS for Cluster management HTTPS"
        Invoke-NcSsh -Name $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CLUSTER_MGMT_IP -Credential $DESTINATION_ONTAP_CREDS -Command $command
        logMessage -message "Successfully restricted IP addresses $ALLOWED_IPS for Cluster management HTTPS" -type "SUCCESS"

        #logMessage -message "Checking if audit logs volume audit_logs exists"
        #$volume = Get-NcVol -Vserver $DESTINATION_VSERVER -Name audit_logs -ErrorAction Stop

        #if($volume) {
        #    logMessage -message "Volume audit_logs already exists! Skipping creation"
        #} else {
        #    # Create audit logs volume
        #    logMessage -message "Creating audit logs volume : audit_logs"
        #    New-NcVol -Name audit_logs -Aggregate $DESTINATION_AGGREGATE_NAME -Size 5g -ErrorAction Stop | Select-Object -Property Name, State, TotalSize, Aggregate, Vserver
        #    logMessage -message "Volume audit_logs created successfully" -type "SUCCESS"
        #}

        ## Mount audit logs volume to path /vol/audit_logs
        #logMessage -message "Creating junction path for volume audit_logs at path /vol/audit_logs for vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER"
        #Mount-NcVol -VserverContext $DESTINATION_VSERVER -Name audit_logs -JunctionPath /audit_logs | Select-Object -Property Name, -JunctionPath
        #logMessage -message "Created junction path for volume audit_logs at path /vol/audit_logs for vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER" -type "SUCCESS"

        #logMessage -message "Enabling audit logging for vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER at path /vol/audit_logs"
        #$command = "set -privilege advanced -confirmations off;vserver audit create -vserver $DESTINATION_VSERVER -destination /audit_logs -format xml;"
        #Invoke-SSHCommand -SessionI  $sshSession.SessionId -Command $command -ErrorAction Stop
        #logMessage -message "Successfully enabled audit logging for vServer $DESTINATION_VSERVER at path /vol/audit_logs"

    } catch {
        handleError -errorMessage $_.Exception.Message
    }
}