Using Oracle Linux 7.1 with NetApp ONTAP

03/16/2021 Contributors Download PDF of this page

Installing the Linux Unified Host Utilities

The NetApp Linux Unified Host Utilities software package is available on the NetApp Support Site in a 32-bit and 64-bit .rpm file. If you do not know which file is right for your configuration, use the NetApp Interoperability Matrix Tool to verify which one you need.

Installing the Linux Unified Host Utilities is strongly recommended, but not mandatory. The utilities do not change any settings on your Linux host. The utilities improve management and assist NetApp customer support in gathering information about your configuration.

Before you begin

If you have a version of Linux Unified Host Utilities currently installed you should upgrade it or, you should remove it and use the following steps to install the latest version.

Download the 32-bit or 64-bit Linux Unified Host Utilities software package from the NetApp Support Site Site to your host.
Use the following command to install the software package:

rpm -ivh netapp_linux_unified_host_utilities-7-1.x86_64

SAN Toolkit

The toolkit is installed automatically when you install the NetApp Host Utilities package. This kit provides the sanlun utility, which helps you manage LUNs and HBAs. The sanlun command returns information about the LUNs mapped to your host, multipathing, and information necessary to create initiator groups.

Example

In the following example, the sanlun lun show command returns LUN information.

# sanlun lun show all
controller(7mode/E-Series)/            device     host               lun
vserver(cDOT/FlashRay)   lun-pathname  filename   adapter  protocol  size    Product
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
data_vserver          /vol/vol1/lun1   /dev/sdb   host16   FCP       120.0g  cDOT
data_vserver          /vol/vol1/lun1   /dev/sdc   host15   FCP       120.0g  cDOT
data_vserver          /vol/vol2/lun2   /dev/sdd   host16   FCP       120.0g  cDOT
data_vserver          /vol/vol2/lun2   /dev/sde   host15   FCP       120.0g  cDOT

SAN Booting

Before you begin

If you decide to use SAN booting, it must be supported by your configuration. You can use the NetApp Interoperability Matrix Tool to verify that your OS, HBA, HBA firmware and the HBA boot BIOS, and ONTAP version are supported.

Steps

Map the SAN boot LUN to the host.
Verify multiple paths are available.

Remember, multiple paths will only be available after the host OS is up and running on the paths.
Enable SAN booting in the server BIOS for the ports to which the SAN boot LUN is mapped.

For information on how to enable the HBA BIOS, see your vendor-specific documentation.
Reboot the host to verify the boot is successful.

Multipathing

Oracle Linux 7.1 supports Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel (UEK) R3 and UEK R4. The OS boots with UEK R3 kernel by default.

Oracle Linux 7.1 UEK R3 Configuration

For Oracle Linux 7.1 UEK R3, create an empty multipath.conf file. The settings for Oracle Linux 7.1 UEK with and without ALUA update automatically by default. To Enable ALUA Handler, perform the following steps:

Create a backup of the initrd-image.

Append the following parameter value to the kernel for ALUA and non-ALUA to work:
rdloaddriver=scsi_dh_alua

Example

kernel /vmlinuz-3.8.13-68.1.2.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_ibmx3550m421096-lv_root rd_NO_LUKSrd_LVM_LV=vg_ibmx3550m421096/lv_root LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MDSYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=256M KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_LVM_LV=vg_ibmx3550m421096/lv_swap rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet rdloaddriver=scsi_dh_alua

Use the dracut -f command to recreate the initrd-image.
Reboot the host.
Verify the output of the cat /proc/cmdline command to ensure that the setting is complete.

Oracle Linux 7.1 UEK R4 Configuration

For Oracle Linux 7.1 UEK R4 the /etc/multipath.conf file must exist, but you do not need to make specific changes to the file. Oracle Linux 7.1 is compiled with all settings required to recognize and correctly manage ONTAP LUNs.
You can use the multipath -ll command to verify the settings for your ONTAP LUNs.
There should be two groups of paths with different priorities. The paths with the higher priorities are Active/Optimized, meaning they are serviced by the controller where the aggregate is located. The paths with the lower priorities are active but are non-optimized because they are served from a different controller. The non-optimized paths are only used when no optimized paths are available.

Example

The following example displays the correct output for an ONTAP LUN with two Active/Optimized paths and two Active/non-Optimized paths:

# multipath -ll
3600a09803831347657244e527766394e dm-5 NETAPP,LUN C-Mode
size=80G features='4 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50 retain_attached_hw_handle' hwhandler='1 alua' wp=rw
|-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=50 status=active
| |- 11:0:1:0 sdj 8:144 active ready running
| |- 11:0:2:0 sdr 65:16 active ready running
`-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=10 status=enabled
|- 11:0:0:0 sdb 8:i6 active ready running
|- 12:0:0:0 sdz 65:144 active ready running

Do not use an excessive number of paths to a single LUN. No more than 4 paths should be required. More than 8 paths might cause path issues during storage failures.

Recommended Settings

The Oracle Linux 7.1 OS is compiled to recognize ONTAP LUNs and automatically set all configuration parameters correctly.

The multipath.conf file must exist for the multipath daemon to start, but you can create an empty, zero-byte file using the command:
touch /etc/multipath.conf

The first time you create this file, you might need to enable and start the multipath services.

# systemctl enable multipathd
# systemctl start multipathd

There is no requirement to add anything directly to multipath.conf file, unless you have devices that you do not want to be managed by multipath or you have existing settings that override defaults.

You can add the following syntax to the multipath.conf file to exclude the unwanted devices.

Replace the <DevId> with the WWID string of the device you want to exclude. Use the following command to determine the WWID:

blacklist {
        wwid <DevId>
        devnode "^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*"
        devnode "^hd[a-z]"
        devnode "^cciss.*"
}

Example

In this example, sda is the local SCSI disk that we need to blacklist.

Steps

Run the following command to determine the WWID:

# /lib/udev/scsi_id -gud /dev/sda
360030057024d0730239134810c0cb833

Add this WWID to the blacklist stanza in the /etc/multipath.conf:

blacklist {
     wwid   360030057024d0730239134810c0cb833
     devnode "^(ram|raw|loop|fd|md|dm-|sr|scd|st)[0-9]*"
     devnode "^hd[a-z]"
     devnode "^cciss.*"
}

You should always check your /etc/multipath.conf file for legacy settings, especially in the defaults section, that may be overriding default settings.
The table below shows the critical multipathd parameters for ONTAP LUNs and the required values. If a host is connected to LUNs from other vendors and any of these parameters are overridden, they will need to be corrected by later stanzas in multipath.conf that apply specifically to ONTAP LUNs. If this is not done, the ONTAP LUNs may not work as expected. These defaults should only be overridden in consultation with NetApp and/or OS vendor and only when the impact is fully understood.

Parameter	Setting
detect_prio	yes
dev_loss_tmo	"infinity"
failback	immediate
fast_io_fail_tmo	5
features	"3 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50"
flush_on_last_del	"yes"
hardware_handler	"0"
path_checker	"tur"
path_grouping_policy	"group_by_prio"
path_selector	"service-time 0"
polling_interval	5
prio	"ontap"
product	LUN.*
retain_attached_hw_handler	yes
rr_weight	"uniform"
user_friendly_names	no
vendor	NETAPP

Parameter

Setting

detect_prio

yes

dev_loss_tmo

"infinity"

failback

immediate

fast_io_fail_tmo

features

"3 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50"

flush_on_last_del

"yes"

hardware_handler

"0"

path_checker

"tur"

path_grouping_policy

"group_by_prio"

path_selector

"service-time 0"

polling_interval

prio

"ontap"

product

LUN.*

retain_attached_hw_handler

yes

rr_weight

"uniform"

user_friendly_names

vendor

NETAPP

Example

The following example shows how to correct an overridden default. In this case, the multipath.conf file defines values for path_checker and detect_prio that are not compatible with ONTAP LUNs.
If they cannot be removed because of other SAN arrays still attached to the host, these parameters can be corrected specifically for ONTAP LUNs with a device stanza.

defaults {
 path_checker readsector0
 detect_prio no
 }
devices {
 device {
 vendor "NETAPP "
 product "LUN.*"
 path_checker tur
 detect_prio yes
 }
}

To configure Oracle Linux 7.1 RedHat Enterprise Kernel (RHCK), use the recommended settings for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.1.

Known Problems and Limitations

There are no known issues for Oracle Linux 7.1.

For Oracle Linux (Red Hat compatible kernel) known issues, see the known issues for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7.1.

Release Notes

ASM Mirroring

ASM mirroring might require changes to the Linux multipath settings to allow ASM to recognize a problem and switch over to an alternate fail group. Most ASM configurations on ONTAP use external redundancy, which means that data protection is provided by the external array and ASM does not mirror data. Some sites use ASM with normal redundancy to provide two-way mirroring, normally across different sites. See Oracle Databases on ONTAP for further information.