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선택 사항: 스위치에 대해 SNMPv3를 구성합니다

기여자
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SNMP는 스위치를 모니터링하는 데 사용됩니다. 이더넷 스위치 상태 모니터(CSHM)는 SNMP를 사용하여 클러스터 및 스토리지 스위치의 상태와 성능을 모니터링합니다. 기본적으로 SNMPv2c는 RCF(Reference Configuration File)를 통해 자동으로 구성됩니다.

SNMPv3는 인증, 암호화 및 메시지 무결성과 같은 강력한 보안 기능을 도입하여 무단 액세스로부터 보호하고 전송 중 데이터 기밀성과 무결성을 보장하기 때문에 SNMPv2보다 안전합니다.

참고 SNMPv3는 ONTAP 9.12.1 이상에서만 지원됩니다.

CSHM을 지원하는 특정 스위치에 대해 SNMPv3를 구성하려면 다음 절차를 따르십시오.

이 작업에 대해

다음 명령은 * Broadcom *, * Cisco * 및 * NVIDIA * 스위치에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름을 구성하는 데 사용됩니다.

Broadcom 스위치

Broadcom BES-53248 스위치에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름 네트워크 운영자를 구성합니다.

  • 인증 없음 * 의 경우:

    snmp-server user SNMPv3UserNoAuth NETWORK-OPERATOR noauth

  • MD5/SHA 인증 * 의 경우:

    snmp-server user SNMPv3UserAuth NETWORK-OPERATOR [auth-md5|auth-sha]

  • AES/DES 암호화를 사용하는 * MD5/SHA 인증 *:

    snmp-server user SNMPv3UserAuthEncrypt NETWORK-OPERATOR [auth-md5|auth-sha] [priv-aes128|priv-des]

다음 명령을 실행하면 ONTAP 측에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름이 구성됩니다.

security login create -user-or-group-name SNMPv3_USER -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress ADDRESS

다음 명령을 실행하면 CSHM에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름이 설정됩니다.

cluster1::*> system switch ethernet modify -device DEVICE -snmp-version SNMPv3 -community-or-username SNMPv3_USER
단계

  1. 인증 및 암호화를 사용하도록 스위치에서 SNMPv3 사용자를 설정합니다.

    show snmp status
    (sw1)(Config)# snmp-server user <username> network-admin auth-md5 <password> priv-aes128 <password>

(cs1)(Config)# show snmp user snmp

     Name            Group Name      Auth Priv
                                     Meth Meth    Remote Engine ID
----------------- ------------------ ---- ------ -------------------------
<username>        network-admin      MD5  AES128 8000113d03d8c497710bee

  2. ONTAP 측에서 SNMPv3 사용자를 설정합니다.

    security login create -user-or-group-name <username> -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress 10.231.80.212
    cluster1::*> security login create -user-or-group-name <username> -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress 10.231.80.212

Enter the authoritative entity's EngineID [remote EngineID]:

Which authentication protocol do you want to choose (none, md5, sha, sha2-256)
[none]: md5

Enter the authentication protocol password (minimum 8 characters long):

Enter the authentication protocol password again:

Which privacy protocol do you want to choose (none, des, aes128) [none]: aes128

Enter privacy protocol password (minimum 8 characters long):
Enter privacy protocol password again:

  3. 새로운 SNMPv3 사용자와 함께 모니터링하도록 CSHM을 구성합니다.

    system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1" -instance
    cluster1::*> system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)" -instance

                                   Device Name: sw1
                                    IP Address: 10.228.136.24
                                  SNMP Version: SNMPv2c
                                 Is Discovered: true
DEPRECATED-Community String or SNMPv3 Username: -
           Community String or SNMPv3 Username: cshm1!
                                  Model Number: BES-53248
                                Switch Network: cluster-network
                              Software Version: 3.9.0.2
                     Reason For Not Monitoring: None  <---- should display this if SNMP settings are valid
                      Source Of Switch Version: CDP/ISDP
                                Is Monitored ?: true
                   Serial Number of the Device: QTFCU3826001C
                                   RCF Version: v1.8X2 for Cluster/HA/RDMA

cluster1::*>
cluster1::*> system switch ethernet modify -device "sw1" -snmp-version SNMPv3 -community-or-username <username>

  4. 새로 생성된 SNMPv3 사용자로 쿼리할 일련 번호가 CSHM 폴링 기간이 완료된 후 이전 단계에서 자세히 설명한 일련 번호와 동일한지 확인합니다.

    system switch ethernet polling-interval show
    cluster1::*> system switch ethernet polling-interval show
         Polling Interval (in minutes): 5

cluster1::*> system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1" -instance
                                   Device Name: sw1
                                    IP Address: 10.228.136.24
                                  SNMP Version: SNMPv3
                                 Is Discovered: true
DEPRECATED-Community String or SNMPv3 Username: -
           Community String or SNMPv3 Username: <username>
                                  Model Number: BES-53248
                                Switch Network: cluster-network
                              Software Version: 3.9.0.2
                     Reason For Not Monitoring: None  <---- should display this if SNMP settings are valid
                      Source Of Switch Version: CDP/ISDP
                                Is Monitored ?: true
                   Serial Number of the Device: QTFCU3826001C
                                   RCF Version: v1.8X2 for Cluster/HA/RDMA
Cisco 스위치

Cisco 9336C-FX2 스위치에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름 SNMPv3_user 구성:

  • 인증 없음 * 의 경우:

    snmp-server user SNMPv3_USER NoAuth

  • MD5/SHA 인증 * 의 경우:

    snmp-server user SNMPv3_USER auth [md5|sha] AUTH-PASSWORD

  • AES/DES 암호화를 사용하는 * MD5/SHA 인증 *:

    snmp-server user SNMPv3_USER AuthEncrypt  auth [md5|sha] AUTH-PASSWORD priv aes-128 PRIV-PASSWORD

다음 명령을 실행하면 ONTAP 측에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름이 구성됩니다.

security login create -user-or-group-name SNMPv3_USER -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress ADDRESS

다음 명령을 실행하면 CSHM에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름이 설정됩니다.

system switch ethernet modify -device DEVICE -snmp-version SNMPv3 -community-or-username SNMPv3_USER
단계

  1. 인증 및 암호화를 사용하도록 스위치에서 SNMPv3 사용자를 설정합니다.

    show snmp user
    (sw1)(Config)# snmp-server user SNMPv3User auth md5 <auth_password> priv aes-128 <priv_password>

(sw1)(Config)# show snmp user

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              SNMP USERS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

User              Auth            Priv(enforce)   Groups          acl_filter
----------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- -----------
admin             md5             des(no)         network-admin
SNMPv3User        md5             aes-128(no)     network-operator

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
     NOTIFICATION TARGET USERS (configured  for sending V3 Inform)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

User              Auth               Priv
----------------- ------------------ ------------

(sw1)(Config)#

  2. ONTAP 측에서 SNMPv3 사용자를 설정합니다.

    security login create -user-or-group-name <username> -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress 10.231.80.212
    cluster1::*> system switch ethernet modify -device "sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)" -is-monitoring-enabled-admin true

cluster1::*> security login create -user-or-group-name <username> -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress 10.231.80.212

Enter the authoritative entity's EngineID [remote EngineID]:

Which authentication protocol do you want to choose (none, md5, sha, sha2-256)
[none]: md5

Enter the authentication protocol password (minimum 8 characters long):

Enter the authentication protocol password again:

Which privacy protocol do you want to choose (none, des, aes128) [none]: aes128

Enter privacy protocol password (minimum 8 characters long):
Enter privacy protocol password again:

  3. 새로운 SNMPv3 사용자와 함께 모니터링하도록 CSHM을 구성합니다.

    system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1" -instance
    cluster1::*> system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1" -instance

                                   Device Name: sw1
                                    IP Address: 10.231.80.212
                                  SNMP Version: SNMPv2c
                                 Is Discovered: true
   SNMPv2c Community String or SNMPv3 Username: cshm1!
                                  Model Number: N9K-C9336C-FX2
                                Switch Network: cluster-network
                              Software Version: Cisco Nexus Operating System (NX-OS) Software, Version 9.3(7)
                     Reason For Not Monitoring: None  <---- displays when SNMP settings are valid
                      Source Of Switch Version: CDP/ISDP
                                Is Monitored ?: true
                   Serial Number of the Device: QTFCU3826001C
                                   RCF Version: v1.8X2 for Cluster/HA/RDMA

cluster1::*>
cluster1::*> system switch ethernet modify -device "sw1" -snmp-version SNMPv3 -community-or-username <username>
cluster1::*>

  4. 새로 생성된 SNMPv3 사용자로 쿼리할 일련 번호가 CSHM 폴링 기간이 완료된 후 이전 단계에서 자세히 설명한 일련 번호와 동일한지 확인합니다.

    system switch ethernet polling-interval show
    cluster1::*> system switch ethernet polling-interval show
         Polling Interval (in minutes): 5

cluster1::*> system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1" -instance

                                   Device Name: sw1
                                    IP Address: 10.231.80.212
                                  SNMP Version: SNMPv3
                                 Is Discovered: true
   SNMPv2c Community String or SNMPv3 Username: SNMPv3User
                                  Model Number: N9K-C9336C-FX2
                                Switch Network: cluster-network
                              Software Version: Cisco Nexus Operating System (NX-OS) Software, Version 9.3(7)
                     Reason For Not Monitoring: None  <---- displays when SNMP settings are valid
                      Source Of Switch Version: CDP/ISDP
                                Is Monitored ?: true
                   Serial Number of the Device: QTFCU3826001C
                                   RCF Version: v1.8X2 for Cluster/HA/RDMA

cluster1::*>
NVIDIA - CLI 5.4

CLI 5.4를 실행하는 NVIDIA SN2100 스위치에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름 SNMPv3_user 구성:

  • 인증 없음 * 의 경우:

    net add snmp-server username SNMPv3_USER auth-none

  • MD5/SHA 인증 * 의 경우:

    net add snmp-server username SNMPv3_USER [auth-md5|auth-sha] AUTH-PASSWORD

  • AES/DES 암호화를 사용하는 * MD5/SHA 인증 *:

    net add snmp-server username SNMPv3_USER [auth-md5|auth-sha] AUTH-PASSWORD [encrypt-aes|encrypt-des] PRIV-PASSWORD

다음 명령을 실행하면 ONTAP 측에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름이 구성됩니다.

security login create -user-or-group-name SNMPv3_USER -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress ADDRESS

다음 명령을 실행하면 CSHM에서 SNMPv3 사용자 이름이 설정됩니다.

system switch ethernet modify -device DEVICE -snmp-version SNMPv3 -community-or-username SNMPv3_USER
단계

  1. 인증 및 암호화를 사용하도록 스위치에서 SNMPv3 사용자를 설정합니다.

    net show snmp status
    cumulus@sw1:~$ net show snmp status
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Daemon.
---------------------------------  ----------------
Current Status                     active (running)
Reload Status                      enabled
Listening IP Addresses             all vrf mgmt
Main snmpd PID                     4318
Version 1 and 2c Community String  Configured
Version 3 Usernames                Not Configured
---------------------------------  ----------------
cumulus@sw1:~$
cumulus@sw1:~$ net add snmp-server username SNMPv3User auth-md5 <password> encrypt-aes <password>
cumulus@sw1:~$ net commit
--- /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf        2020-08-02 21:09:34.686949282 +0000
+++ /run/nclu/snmp/snmpd.conf   2020-08-11 00:13:51.826126655 +0000
@@ -1,26 +1,28 @@
 # Auto-generated config file: do not edit. #
 agentaddress udp:@mgmt:161
 agentxperms 777 777 snmp snmp
 agentxsocket /var/agentx/master
 createuser _snmptrapusernameX
+createuser SNMPv3User MD5 <password> AES <password>
 ifmib_max_num_ifaces 500
 iquerysecname _snmptrapusernameX
 master agentx
 monitor -r 60 -o laNames -o laErrMessage "laTable" laErrorFlag != 0
 pass -p 10 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1 /usr/share/snmp/sysDescr_pass.py
 pass_persist 1.2.840.10006.300.43 /usr/share/snmp/ieee8023_lag_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.2.1.17 /usr/share/snmp/bridge_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18 /usr/share/snmp/snmpifAlias_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.2.1.47 /usr/share/snmp/entity_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.2.1.99 /usr/share/snmp/entity_sensor_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310.1 /usr/share/snmp/resq_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310.2 /usr/share/snmp/cl_drop_cntrs_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310.3 /usr/share/snmp/cl_poe_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310.4 /usr/share/snmp/bgpun_pp.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310.5 /usr/share/snmp/cumulus-status.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310.6 /usr/share/snmp/cumulus-sensor.py
 pass_persist 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310.7 /usr/share/snmp/vrf_bgpun_pp.py
+rocommunity cshm1! default
 rouser _snmptrapusernameX
+rouser SNMPv3User priv
 sysobjectid 1.3.6.1.4.1.40310
 sysservices 72
-rocommunity cshm1! default


net add/del commands since the last "net commit"

User        Timestamp                   Command
----------  --------------------------  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
SNMPv3User  2020-08-11 00:13:51.826987  net add snmp-server username SNMPv3User auth-md5 <password> encrypt-aes <password>

cumulus@sw1:~$
cumulus@sw1:~$ net show snmp status
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Daemon.
---------------------------------  ----------------
Current Status                     active (running)
Reload Status                      enabled
Listening IP Addresses             all vrf mgmt
Main snmpd PID                     24253
Version 1 and 2c Community String  Configured
Version 3 Usernames                Configured     <---- Configured here
---------------------------------  ----------------
cumulus@sw1:~$

  2. ONTAP 측에서 SNMPv3 사용자를 설정합니다.

    security login create -user-or-group-name SNMPv3User -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress 10.231.80.212
    cluster1::*> security login create -user-or-group-name SNMPv3User -application snmp -authentication-method usm -remote-switch-ipaddress 10.231.80.212

Enter the authoritative entity's EngineID [remote EngineID]:

Which authentication protocol do you want to choose (none, md5, sha, sha2-256)
[none]: md5

Enter the authentication protocol password (minimum 8 characters long):

Enter the authentication protocol password again:

Which privacy protocol do you want to choose (none, des, aes128) [none]: aes128

Enter privacy protocol password (minimum 8 characters long):
Enter privacy protocol password again:

  3. 새로운 SNMPv3 사용자와 함께 모니터링하도록 CSHM을 구성합니다.

    system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)" -instance
    cluster1::*> system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)" -instance
                                   Device Name: sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)
                                    IP Address: 10.231.80.212
                                  SNMP Version: SNMPv2c
                                 Is Discovered: true
DEPRECATED-Community String or SNMPv3 Username: -
           Community String or SNMPv3 Username: cshm1!
                                  Model Number: MSN2100-CB2FC
                                Switch Network: cluster-network
                              Software Version: Cumulus Linux version 4.4.3 running on Mellanox Technologies Ltd. MSN2100
                     Reason For Not Monitoring: None
                      Source Of Switch Version: LLDP
                                Is Monitored ?: true
                   Serial Number of the Device: MT2110X06399  <---- serial number to check
                                   RCF Version: MSN2100-RCF-v1.9X6-Cluster-LLDP Aug-18-2022

cluster1::*>
cluster1::*> system switch ethernet modify -device "sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)" -snmp-version SNMPv3 -community-or-username SNMPv3User

  4. 새로 생성된 SNMPv3 사용자로 쿼리할 일련 번호가 CSHM 폴링 기간이 완료된 후 이전 단계에서 자세히 설명한 일련 번호와 동일한지 확인합니다.

    system switch ethernet polling-interval show
    cluster1::*> system switch ethernet polling-interval show
         Polling Interval (in minutes): 5

cluster1::*> system switch ethernet show-all -device "sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)" -instance
                                   Device Name: sw1 (b8:59:9f:09:7c:22)
                                    IP Address: 10.231.80.212
                                  SNMP Version: SNMPv3
                                 Is Discovered: true
DEPRECATED-Community String or SNMPv3 Username: -
           Community String or SNMPv3 Username: SNMPv3User
                                  Model Number: MSN2100-CB2FC
                                Switch Network: cluster-network
                              Software Version: Cumulus Linux version 4.4.3 running on Mellanox Technologies Ltd. MSN2100
                     Reason For Not Monitoring: None
                      Source Of Switch Version: LLDP
                                Is Monitored ?: true
                   Serial Number of the Device: MT2110X06399  <---- serial number to check
                                   RCF Version: MSN2100-RCF-v1.9X6-Cluster-LLDP Aug-18-2022