TR-4987: Simplified, Automated Oracle Deployment on Azure NetApp Files with NFS

12/10/2024 Contributors

Allen Cao, Niyaz Mohamed, NetApp

This solution provides overview and details for automated Oracle deployment in Microsoft Azure NetApp Files as primary database storage with NFS protocol and Oracle database is deployed as container database with dNFS enabled.

Purpose

Running performance-intensive and latency-sensitive Oracle workloads in the cloud can be challenging. Azure NetApp Files (ANF) makes it easy for enterprise line-of-business (LOB) and storage professionals to migrate and run demanding Oracle workloads without code change. Azure NetApp Files is widely used as the underlying shared file-storage service in various scenarios, such as new deployment or migration (lift and shift) of Oracle databases from on-premises to Azure.

This documentation demonstrates the simplified deployment of Oracle databases in Azure NetApp files via NFS mounts using Ansible automation. The Oracle database deploys in a container database (CDB) and pluggable databases (PDB) configuration with Oracle dNFS protocol enabled to boost performance. Furthermore, the on-premises Oracle single instance database or PDB can be migrated into a newly deployed container database in Azure using automated PDB relocation methodology with minimal service interruption. It also provides information on fast Oracle database backup, restore, and clone with NetApp SnapCenter UI tool in Azure Cloud.

This solution addresses the following use cases:

Automated Oracle container database deployment on Azure NetApp files
Automated Oracle database migration between on-premisses and Azure cloud

Audience

This solution is intended for the following people:

A DBA who would like to deploy Oracle on Azure NetApp Files.
A database solution architect who would like to test Oracle workloads on Azure NetApp Files.
A storage administrator who would like to deploy and manage an Oracle database on Azure NetApp Files.
An application owner who would like to stand up an Oracle database on Azure NetApp Files.

Solution test and validation environment

The testing and validation of this solution were performed in a lab setting that might not match the final deployment environment. See the section Key factors for deployment consideration for more information.

Architecture

This image provides a detailed picture of the Oracle deployment configuration in AWS public cloud with iSCSI and ASM.

Hardware and software components

Hardware

Azure NetApp Files

Current offering in Azure by Microsoft

One capacity pool with Premium service level

Azure VM for DB server

Standard_B4ms - 4 vCPUs, 16GiB

Two Linux virtual machine instances for concurrent deployment

Azure VM for SnapCenter

Standard_B4ms - 4 vCPUs, 16GiB

One Windows virtual machine instance

Software

RedHat Linux

RHEL Linux 8.6 (LVM) - x64 Gen2

Deployed RedHat subscription for testing

Windows Server

2022 DataCenter; Azure Edition Hotpatch - x64 Gen2

Hosting SnapCenter server

Oracle Database

Version 19.18

Applied RU patch p34765931_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip

Oracle OPatch

Version 12.2.0.1.36

Latest patch p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip

SnapCenter Server

Version 5.0

Workgroup deployment

Open JDK

Version java-11-openjdk

SnapCenter plugin requirement on DB VMs

NFS

Version 3.0

Oracle dNFS enabled

Ansible

core 2.16.2

Python 3.6.8

Oracle database configuration in the lab environment

Server

Database

DB Storage

ora-01

NTAP1(NTAP1_PDB1,NTAP1_PDB2,NTAP1_PDB3)

/u01, /u02, /u03 NFS mounts on ANF capacity pool

ora-02

NTAP2(NTAP2_PDB1,NTAP2_PDB2,NTAP2_PDB3)

/u01, /u02, /u03 NFS mounts on ANF capacity pool

Key factors for deployment consideration

Oracle database storage layout. In this automated Oracle deployment, we provision three database volumes for each database to host Oracle binary, data, and logs by default. The volumes are mounted on Oracle DB server as /u01 - binary, /u02 - data, /u03 - logs via NFS. Dual control files are configured on /u02 and /u03 mount points for redundancy.
Multiple DB servers deployment. The automation solution can deploy an Oracle container database to multiple DB servers in a single Ansible playbook run. Regardless of the number of DB servers, the playbook execution remains the same. You can deploy multiple container databases to a single VM instance by repeating the deployment with different database instance IDs (Oracle SID). But ensure there is sufficient memory on the host to support deployed databases.
dNFS configuration. By using dNFS (available since Oracle 11g), an Oracle database running on an Azure Virtual Machine can drive significantly more I/O than the native NFS client. Automated Oracle deployment configures dNFS on NFSv3 by default.
Allocate large size volume to speed up deployment. ANF file system IO throughput is regulated based on the size of volume. For initial deployment, allocate large size volumes can speed up the deployment. The volumes subsequently can be downsized dynamically without application impact.
Database backup. NetApp provides a SnapCenter software suite for database backup, restore, and cloning with a user-friendly UI interface. NetApp recommends implementing such a management tool to achieve fast (under a minute) snapshot backup, quick (minutes) database restore, and database clone.

Solution deployment

The following sections provide step-by-step procedures for automated Oracle 19c deployment and database migration on Azure NetApp Files with directly mounted database volumes via NFS to Azure VMs.

Prerequisites for deployment

Details

Deployment requires the following prerequisites.

An Azure account has been set up, and the necessary VNet and network segments have been created within your Azure account.

From the Azure cloud portal, deploy Azure Linux VMs as Oracle DB servers. Create an Azure NetApp Files capacity pool and database volumes for Oracle database. Enable VM SSH private/public key authentication for azureuser to DB servers. See the architecture diagram in the previous section for details about the environment setup. Also referred to Step-by-Step Oracle deployment procedures on Azure VM and Azure NetApp Files for detailed information.

For Azure VMs deployed with local disk redundancy, ensure that you have allocated at least 128G in the VM root disk to have sufficient space to stage Oracle installation files and add OS swap file. Expand /tmplv and /rootlv OS partition accordingly. Add 1G free space to rootvg-homelv if it is less than 1G. Ensure the database volume naming follows the VMname-u01, VMname-u02, and VMname-u03 convention.

sudo lvresize -r -L +20G /dev/mapper/rootvg-rootlv

sudo lvresize -r -L +10G /dev/mapper/rootvg-tmplv

sudo lvresize -r -L +1G /dev/mapper/rootvg-homelv

From the Azure cloud portal, provision a Windows server to run the NetApp SnapCenter UI tool with the latest version. Refer to the following link for details: Install the SnapCenter Server
Provision a Linux VM as the Ansible controller node with the latest version of Ansible and Git installed. Refer to the following link for details: Getting Started with NetApp solution automation in section -
Setup the Ansible Control Node for CLI deployments on RHEL / CentOS or
Setup the Ansible Control Node for CLI deployments on Ubuntu / Debian.

The Ansible controller node can locate either on-premisses or in Azure cloud as far as it can reach Azure DB VMs via ssh port.

Clone a copy of the NetApp Oracle deployment automation toolkit for NFS.

git clone https://bitbucket.ngage.netapp.com/scm/ns-bb/na_oracle_deploy_nfs.git

Stage following Oracle 19c installation files on Azure DB VM /tmp/archive directory with 777 permission.

installer_archives:
  - "LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip"
  - "p34765931_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip"
  - "p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip"

Watch the following video:

Simplified and automated Oracle deployment on Azure NetApp Files with NFS

Automation parameter files

Details

Ansible playbook executes database installation and configuration tasks with predefined parameters. For this Oracle automation solution, there are three user-defined parameter files that need user input before playbook execution.

hosts - define targets that the automation playbook is running against.
vars/vars.yml - the global variable file that defines variables that apply to all targets.
host_vars/host_name.yml - the local variable file that defines variables that apply only to a named target. In our use case, these are the Oracle DB servers.

In addition to these user-defined variable files, there are several default variable files that contain default parameters that do not require change unless necessary. The following sections show how to configure the user-defined variable files.

Parameter files configuration

Details

Ansible target hosts file configuration:

# Enter Oracle servers names to be deployed one by one, follow by each Oracle server public IP address, and ssh private key of admin user for the server.
[oracle]
ora_01 ansible_host=10.61.180.21 ansible_ssh_private_key_file=ora_01.pem
ora_02 ansible_host=10.61.180.23 ansible_ssh_private_key_file=ora_02.pem

Global vars/vars.yml file configuration

######################################################################
###### Oracle 19c deployment user configuration variables       ######
###### Consolidate all variables from ONTAP, linux and oracle   ######
######################################################################

###########################################
### ONTAP env specific config variables ###
###########################################

# Prerequisite to create three volumes in NetApp ONTAP storage from System Manager or cloud dashboard with following naming convention:
# db_hostname_u01 - Oracle binary
# db_hostname_u02 - Oracle data
# db_hostname_u03 - Oracle redo
# It is important to strictly follow the name convention or the automation will fail.


###########################################
### Linux env specific config variables ###
###########################################

redhat_sub_username: XXXXXXXX
redhat_sub_password: XXXXXXXX


####################################################
### DB env specific install and config variables ###
####################################################

# Database domain name
db_domain: solutions.netapp.com

# Set initial password for all required Oracle passwords. Change them after installation.
initial_pwd_all: XXXXXXXX

Local DB server host_vars/host_name.yml configuration such as ora_01.yml, ora_02.yml …

# User configurable Oracle host specific parameters

# Enter container database SID. By default, a container DB is created with 3 PDBs within the CDB
oracle_sid: NTAP1

# Enter database shared memory size or SGA. CDB is created with SGA at 75% of memory_limit, MB. The grand total of SGA should not exceed 75% available RAM on node.
memory_limit: 8192

# Local NFS lif ip address to access database volumes
nfs_lif: 172.30.136.68

Playbook execution

Details

There are a total of five playbooks in the automation toolkit. Each performs different task blocks and serves different purposes.

0-all_playbook.yml - execute playbooks from 1-4 in one playbook run.
1-ansible_requirements.yml - set up Ansible controller with required libs and collections.
2-linux_config.yml - execute Linux kernel configuration on Oracle DB servers.
4-oracle_config.yml - install and configure Oracle on DB servers and create a container database.
5-destroy.yml - optional to undo the environment to dismantle all.

There are three options to run the playbooks with the following commands.

Execute all deployment playbooks in one combined run.

ansible-playbook -i hosts 0-all_playbook.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml

Execute playbooks one at a time with the number sequence from 1-4.

ansible-playbook -i hosts 1-ansible_requirements.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml

ansible-playbook -i hosts 2-linux_config.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml

ansible-playbook -i hosts 4-oracle_config.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml

Execute 0-all_playbook.yml with a tag.

ansible-playbook -i hosts 0-all_playbook.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml -t ansible_requirements

ansible-playbook -i hosts 0-all_playbook.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml -t linux_config

ansible-playbook -i hosts 0-all_playbook.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml -t oracle_config

Undo the environment

ansible-playbook -i hosts 5-destroy.yml -u azureuser -e @vars/vars.yml

Post execution validation

Details

After the playbook run, login to the Oracle DB server VM to validate that Oracle is installed and configured and a container database is created successfully. Following is an example of Oracle database validation on host ora-01.

Validate NFS mounts

[azureuser@ora-01 ~]$ cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Sep 14 11:04:01 2023
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
/dev/mapper/rootvg-rootlv /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=268633bd-f9bb-446d-9a1d-8fca4609a1e1 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=89D8-B037          /boot/efi               vfat    defaults,uid=0,gid=0,umask=077,shortname=winnt 0 2
/dev/mapper/rootvg-homelv /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rootvg-tmplv /tmp                    xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rootvg-usrlv /usr                    xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/rootvg-varlv /var                    xfs     defaults        0 0
/mnt/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0
172.30.136.68:/ora-01-u01 /u01 nfs rw,bg,hard,vers=3,proto=tcp,timeo=600,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
172.30.136.68:/ora-01-u02 /u02 nfs rw,bg,hard,vers=3,proto=tcp,timeo=600,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0
172.30.136.68:/ora-01-u03 /u03 nfs rw,bg,hard,vers=3,proto=tcp,timeo=600,rsize=65536,wsize=65536 0 0

[azureuser@ora-01 ~]$ df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                   7.7G     0  7.7G   0% /dev
tmpfs                      7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      7.8G  8.6M  7.7G   1% /run
tmpfs                      7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/rootvg-rootlv   22G   17G  5.8G  74% /
/dev/mapper/rootvg-usrlv    10G  2.0G  8.1G  20% /usr
/dev/mapper/rootvg-varlv   8.0G  890M  7.2G  11% /var
/dev/sda1                  496M  106M  390M  22% /boot
/dev/mapper/rootvg-homelv 1014M   40M  975M   4% /home
/dev/sda15                 495M  5.9M  489M   2% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/rootvg-tmplv    12G  8.4G  3.7G  70% /tmp
tmpfs                      1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/54321
172.30.136.68:/ora-01-u01  500G   11G  490G   3% /u01
172.30.136.68:/ora-01-u03  250G  1.2G  249G   1% /u03
172.30.136.68:/ora-01-u02  250G  7.1G  243G   3% /u02
tmpfs                      1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/1000

Validate Oracle listener

[azureuser@ora-01 ~]$ sudo su
[root@ora-01 azureuser]# su - oracle
Last login: Thu Feb  1 16:13:44 UTC 2024
[oracle@ora-01 ~]$ lsnrctl status listener.ntap1

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 01-FEB-2024 16:25:37

Copyright (c) 1991, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ora-01.internal.cloudapp.net)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER.NTAP1
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Start Date                01-FEB-2024 16:13:49
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 11 min. 49 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/NTAP1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora-01/listener.ntap1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora-01.hr2z2nbmhnqutdsxgscjtuxizd.jx.internal.cloudapp.net)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=ora-01.hr2z2nbmhnqutdsxgscjtuxizd.jx.internal.cloudapp.net)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/NTAP1/admin/NTAP1/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "104409ac02da6352e063bb891eacf34a.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "104412c14c2c63cae063bb891eacf64d.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "1044174670ad63ffe063bb891eac6b34.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "NTAP1.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "NTAP1XDB.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ntap1_pdb1.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ntap1_pdb2.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ntap1_pdb3.solutions.netapp.com" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "NTAP1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

Validate Oracle database and dNFS

[oracle@ora-01 ~]$ cat /etc/oratab
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities.  It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.

# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator.  A new line terminates
# the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively.  The third field indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
NTAP1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/NTAP1:Y


[oracle@ora-01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu Feb 1 16:37:51 2024
Version 19.18.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.18.0.0.0

SQL> select name, open_mode, log_mode from v$database;

NAME      OPEN_MODE            LOG_MODE
--------- -------------------- ------------
NTAP1     READ WRITE           ARCHIVELOG

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 NTAP1_PDB1                     READ WRITE NO
         4 NTAP1_PDB2                     READ WRITE NO
         5 NTAP1_PDB3                     READ WRITE NO
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/system01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/users01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb1/system01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb1/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb1/users01.dbf

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb2/system01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb2/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb2/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb2/users01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb3/system01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb3/sysaux01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb3/undotbs01.dbf
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/NTAP1_pdb3/users01.dbf

19 rows selected.

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/oradata/NTAP1/control01.ctl
/u03/orareco/NTAP1/control02.ctl

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u03/orareco/NTAP1/onlinelog/redo03.log
/u03/orareco/NTAP1/onlinelog/redo02.log
/u03/orareco/NTAP1/onlinelog/redo01.log

SQL> select svrname, dirname, nfsversion from v$dnfs_servers;

SVRNAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRNAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NFSVERSION
----------------
172.30.136.68
/ora-01-u02
NFSv3.0

172.30.136.68
/ora-01-u03
NFSv3.0

SVRNAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRNAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NFSVERSION
----------------

172.30.136.68
/ora-01-u01
NFSv3.0

Migrate Oracle database to Azure

Details

Oracle database migration from on-premises to the cloud is a heavy-lifting. Using the right strategy and automation can smooth the process and minimize service interruption and downtime. Follow this detailed instruction Database migration from on-premises to Azure cloud to guide your database migration journey.

Oracle backup, restore, and clone with SnapCenter

Details

NetApp recommends SnapCenter UI tool to manage Oracle database deployed in Azure cloud. Please refer to TR-4988: Oracle Database Backup, Recovery, and Clone on ANF with SnapCenter for details.

Where to find additional information

To learn more about the information described in this document, review the following documents and/or websites:

Oracle Database Backup, Recovery, and Clone on ANF with SnapCenter

Oracle Database Backup, Recovery, and Clone on ANF with SnapCenter
Azure NetApp Files

https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/netapp
Deploying Oracle Direct NFS

https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/ladbi/deploying-dnfs.html#GUID-D06079DB-8C71-4F68-A1E3-A75D7D96DCE2
Installing and Configuring Oracle Database Using Response Files

https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/ladbi/installing-and-configuring-oracle-database-using-response-files.html#GUID-D53355E9-E901-4224-9A2A-B882070EDDF7

TR-4987: Simplified, Automated Oracle Deployment on Azure NetApp Files with NFS

Creating your file...

Purpose

Audience

Solution test and validation environment

Architecture

Hardware and software components

Oracle database configuration in the lab environment

Key factors for deployment consideration

Solution deployment

Prerequisites for deployment

Automation parameter files

Parameter files configuration

Playbook execution

Post execution validation

Migrate Oracle database to Azure

Oracle backup, restore, and clone with SnapCenter

Where to find additional information